Yini i-polydactyly, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa okungenzeka

-Delile

• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Izinhlobo ze-polydactyly
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Izinketho zokwelashwa

I-Polydactyly ukukhubazeka okwenzeka lapho kuzalwa umunwe owodwa noma ngaphezulu esandleni noma enyaweni futhi kungabangelwa ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, okungukuthi, izakhi zofuzo ezibhekene nalolu shintsho zingadluliselwa zisuka kubazali ziye ezinganeni.

Lokhu kuguqulwa kungaba ngezinhlobo eziningana, njenge-syndromic polydactyly eyenzeka kubantu abane-syndromes ethile yezofuzo, kanye ne-polydactyly ehlukanisiwe lapho kwenzeka khona ukuguqulwa kofuzo okuhlobene nokubonakala kweminwe eyengeziwe. I-polydactyly ehlukanisiwe ingahlukaniswa njenge-pre-axial, central noma post-axial.

Ingatholakala vele lapho ukhulelwe, ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kanye nofuzo, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalulekile ukwenza ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha nokulandela udokotela wokubelethisa, kanti ukwelashwa kuncike endaweni ye-polydactyly futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa ukususa umunwe ongeziwe.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane esibelethweni sikanina, ukwakheka kwezandla kwenzeka kuze kube yisonto lesithupha noma lesikhombisa lokukhulelwa futhi uma, phakathi nalesi sigaba, kwenzeka noma yiluphi ushintsho, le nqubo yokwakheka ingakhubazeka, okuholele ekuveleni kweminwe eminingi esandleni noma enyaweni, okungukuthi, polydactyly.

Isikhathi esiningi, i-polydactyly yenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, kepha-ke, okunye ukukhubazeka kuzakhi zofuzo okudluliswa kusuka kubazali kuya ezinganeni noma ukutholakala kwama-syndromes ezakhi zofuzo kungahle kuhlobene nokuvela kweminwe eyengeziwe.

Eqinisweni, izimbangela ezihlobene nokubonakala kwe-polydactyly azaziwa ngokugcwele, kepha ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi izingane ze-Afro-inzalo, omama abanesifo sikashukela noma abasebenzisa i-thalidomide ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa bangaba sengozini yokuba neminwe eyengeziwe ezandleni noma ezinyaweni. .

Izinhlobo ze-polydactyly

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-polydactyly, njengeyodwa, eyenzeka lapho ukuguqulwa kofuzo kuguqula kuphela inani leminwe ezandleni noma ezinyaweni, kanye ne-syndromic polydactyly eyenzeka kubantu abane-syndromes yezofuzo, njenge-Greig's syndrome noma i-Down's syndrome , isibonelo. Funda kabanzi nge-Down syndrome nezinye izici.

I-polydactyly ehlukanisiwe ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu:

• I-pre-axial: kwenzeka lapho kuzalwa umunwe owodwa noma ngaphezulu ohlangothini lwesithupha lonyawo noma isandla;
• Ephakathi: siqukethe ukukhula kweminwe eyengeziwe phakathi kwesandla noma unyawo, kepha uhlobo olungajwayelekile;
• I-post-axial: uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, lwenzeka lapho kuzalwa umunwe owengeziwe eceleni komunwe omncane, isandla noma unyawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, maphakathi ne-polydactyly, olunye uhlobo lokushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo, njenge-syndactyly, luhlala luvela, lapho kuzalwa iminwe eyengeziwe inamathele ndawonye.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-polydactyly kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nge-ultrasound ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhambisana nodokotela wokubelethisa nokwenza ukunakekelwa kokubeletha.

Kwezinye izimo, lapho udokotela esola ukuthi kunesifo enganeni, ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo nokuqoqwa komlando wezempilo womndeni kunganconyelwa abazali.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, ukuhlolwa ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuxilonga i-polydactyly, njengoba kunguquko ebonakalayo, noma kunjalo, udokotela wezingane noma udokotela wamathambo angacela i-X-ray ukuthi ibheke ukuthi iminwe eyengeziwe ixhunywe yini neminye iminwe ejwayelekile ngamathambo noma izinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuboniswa ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kokukhishwa komunwe, udokotela anga-oda ezinye izithombe zokuhlola nezokuhlola igazi.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-polydactyly kuboniswa ngudokotela wamathambo futhi kuya ngendawo nendlela umunwe owengeziwe oxhunywe ngayo kweminye iminwe, njengoba bekwazi ukwaba izinzwa, imisipha namathambo okuyizakhiwo ezibalulekile zokuhamba kwezandla nezinyawo.

Lapho umunwe owengeziwe utholakala ku-pinky futhi ubunjwe kuphela ngesikhumba namafutha, ukwelashwa okufanelekile kakhulu ukuhlinzwa futhi kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezineminyaka engama-2 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, lapho kufakwa umunwe owengeziwe esithupheni, ukuhlinzwa nakho kungakhonjiswa, noma kunjalo, kuvame ukuba nzima kakhulu, ngoba kudinga ukunakekelwa okuningi ukuze kungaphazamisi ukuzwela nokuma komunwe.

Kwesinye isikhathi, abantu abadala abangawususanga umunwe owengeziwe esengumntwana, bangakhetha ukungakuhlinzi, ngoba ukuba nomunwe owodwa owengeziwe akubangeli zinkinga zempilo.