Ukwelashwa kwePreeclampsia: I-Magnesium Sulfate Therapy

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-preeclampsia?
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?
• Ingabe ikwelapha kanjani i-preeclampsia therapy?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela engemihle?
• Uyini umbono?

Kuyini i-preeclampsia?

I-Preeclampsia iyinkinga abanye besifazane ababhekana nayo ekukhulelweni. Imvamisa kwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto angama-20 ekhulelwe, kepha kuyaqabukela kukhule ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ngemuva kokubeletha. Izimpawu ezinkulu ze-preeclampsia umfutho wegazi ophakeme nezitho ezithile ezingasebenzi ngendlela ejwayelekile. Uphawu olungaba khona yiprotheni eyeqile emchameni.

Imbangela ngqo ye-preeclampsia ayikaziwa. Ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi kubangelwa izinkinga zemithambo yegazi exhuma i-placenta, isitho esidlulisa umoya-mpilo osuka kumama uye enganeni, uye esibelethweni.

Ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa, imithambo yegazi emisha iqala ukwakha phakathi kwe-placenta nodonga lwesibeletho. Le mithambo yegazi emisha ingahle ikhule ngokungajwayelekile ngezizathu eziningi, kufaka phakathi:

• ukugeleza kwegazi okunganele esibelethweni
• ukulimala komthambo wegazi
• izinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba
• izici zofuzo

Le mikhumbi yegazi engajwayelekile inciphisa inani legazi elingahambela ku-placenta. Lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kungadala ukuthi umfutho wegazi lowesifazane okhulelwe ukhuphuke.

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-preeclampsia ingasongela impilo. Ngoba kubandakanya izinkinga nge-placenta, ukwelashwa okunconyiwe kwe-preeclampsia ukulethwa kwengane ne-placenta. Ubungozi nezinzuzo maqondana nesikhathi sokubeletha kuncike ebucayi besifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-preeclampsia ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho kungaba yinkohliso. Ingane idinga isikhathi sokukhula, kodwa nobabili kudingeka nigweme izinkinga ezinkulu. Kulokhu, udokotela wakho angahle anikeze i-magnesium sulfate kanye nemithi yokusiza ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi.

I-Magnesium sulfate therapy isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuquleka kwabesifazane abane-preeclampsia. Kungasiza futhi ukwelula isikhathi sokukhulelwa kuze kube yizinsuku ezimbili. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi izidakamizwa ezisheshisa ukukhula kwamaphaphu engane yakho zilawulwe.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-preeclampsia?

Kwabanye besifazane, i-preeclampsia ikhula kancane kancane ngaphandle kwezimpawu.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu, uphawu olukhulu lwe-preeclampsia, uvame ukuvela kungazelelwe. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe baqaphe umfutho wegazi wabo eduze, ikakhulukazi kamuva lapho bekhulelwe. Ukufundwa kwengcindezi yegazi ngo-140/90 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu, kuthathwe ngezikhathi ezimbili ezihlukene okungenani amahora amane ukuqhela, kubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile.

Ngaphandle kwengcindezi ephezulu yegazi, ezinye izimpawu noma izimpawu ze-preeclampsia zifaka:

• amaprotheni amaningi emchameni
• kunciphe inani lomchamo
• inani eliphansi leplatelet egazini
• ikhanda elibuhlungu
• izinkinga zombono njengokulahleka kombono, ukungaboni kahle, nokuzwela ekukhanyeni
• ubuhlungu esiswini esingenhla, imvamisa ngaphansi kwezimbambo ohlangothini lwesokunene
• ukuhlanza noma isicanucanu
• ukusebenza kwesibindi okungavamile
• inkinga yokuphefumula ngenxa yoketshezi emaphashini
• ukuzuza ngokushesha kwesisindo nokuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi ebusweni nasezandleni

Uma udokotela wakho esola i-preeclampsia, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukwenza ukuxilongwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nezinkinga uma uba ne-preeclampsia ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela kufanele benze ukubeletha okufakelwayo noma ukulethwa ngomjovo wokususa umntwana. Lokhu kuzomisa i-preeclampsia ekuqhubekeni futhi kufanele kuholele ekuxazululeni isimo.

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, izinkinga zingakhula. Ezinye izinkinga ze-preeclampsia zifaka:

• ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ku-placenta okungadala ukukhula kancane, isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa, noma ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kwengane noma ngisho nokuzala umntwana oshonile
• ukuqhuma kweplasenta, noma ukuhlukaniswa kweplasenta odongeni lwesibeletho, okungadala ukopha okukhulu nokulimala ku-placenta
• I-HELLP syndrome, edala ukulahleka kwamaseli abomvu egazi, ama-enzyme aphakeme esibindi, kanye nenani eliphansi leplatelet yegazi, okudala ukulimala komzimba
• eclampsia, okuyi-preeclampsia nokuquleka
• unhlangothi, okungaholela ekulimaleni unomphela kobuchopho noma ngisho nasekufeni

Abesifazane abahlakulela i-preeclampsia babhekana nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo nesigazi. Ingozi yabo ye-preeclampsia ekukhulelweni okuzayo nayo iyanda. Abesifazane abake baba ne-preeclampsia banethuba lokuyithuthukisa futhi ekukhulelweni okuzayo.

Ingabe ikwelapha kanjani i-preeclampsia therapy?

Ukuphela kokwelapha ukuyeka ukuqhubeka nokuholela ekuxazululeni i-preeclampsia ukulethwa kwengane ne-placenta. Ukulinda ukuletha kungakhuphula ubungozi bezinkinga kepha ukubeletha kusenesikhathi ekukhulelweni kwandisa ubungozi bokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Uma kusesekuseni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwakho, ungatshelwa ukuthi ulinde ingane ivuthwe ngokwanele ukuba izalwe ukuze kuncishiswe lezo zingozi.

Ngokuya ngobukhulu besifo kanye nesikhathi sokukhulelwa, odokotela bangancoma ukuthi abesifazane abane-preeclampsia bangene kaningi ekuvakasheleni iziguli ngaphambi kokubeletha, noma mhlawumbe bangeniswe esibhedlela. Kungenzeka benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kaningi. Bangabuye banikeze:

• imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• ama-corticosteroids ukusiza ukukhulisa amaphaphu engane nokuthuthukisa impilo kamama

Ezimweni ezinzima ze-preeclampsia, odokotela bavame ukuncoma imishanguzo yokuqeda isisu, njenge-magnesium sulfate. IMagnesium sulfate iyiminerali enciphisa izingozi zokubanjwa kwabesifazane abane-preeclampsia. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokunika umuthi ngemithambo yegazi.

Kwesinye isikhathi, ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwelula ukukhulelwa kuze kube yizinsuku ezimbili. Lokhu kuvumela isikhathi semithi ye-corticosteroid ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu engane.

I-Magnesium sulfate ivame ukusebenza ngokushesha. Imvamisa inikezwa kuze kube cishe amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokubeletha umntwana. Abesifazane abathola i-magnesium sulphate balaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kuqashwe ukwelashwa.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela engemihle?

IMagnesium sulfate ingaba lusizo kwabanye abane-preeclampsia. Kodwa kunengozi yokweqisa ngokweqile kwe-magnesium, okuthiwa i-magnesium toxicity. Ukuthatha i-magnesium eningi kakhulu kungasongela impilo kumama nengane. Kwabesifazane, izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• isicanucanu, isifo sohudo, noma ukuhlanza
• amaconsi amakhulu egazini
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okungajwayelekile
• izinkinga zokuphefumula
• ukushoda kwamaminerali ngaphandle kwe-magnesium, ikakhulukazi i-calcium
• ukudideka noma inkungu
• ikhoma
• isifo senhliziyo
• ukulimala kwezinso

Enganeni, ubuthi be-magnesium bungadala ithoni yemisipha ephansi. Lokhu kudalwa ukungalawuleki kahle kwemisipha kanye nokuqina kwamathambo okuphansi. Lezi zimo zingabeka ingane engcupheni enkulu yokulimala, njengokuqhekeka kwamathambo, ngisho nokufa.

Odokotela baphatha ubuthi be-magnesium nge:

• enikeza ikhambi
• uketshezi
• ukwesekwa kokuphefumula
• dialysis

Ukuvimbela ukuthi ubuthi be-magnesium bungabonakali kwasekuqaleni, udokotela wakho kufanele aqaphe ngokucophelela ukudla kwakho. Bangase babuze nokuthi uzizwa kanjani, babheke ukuphefumula kwakho, futhi bahlole ukucabanga kwakho kaningi.

Ubungozi bokuba nobuthi obuvela ku-magnesium sulfate buphansi uma ukhishwa kahle futhi unomsebenzi wezinso ojwayelekile.

Uyini umbono?

Uma une-preeclampsia, udokotela wakho angaqhubeka ukukunika i-magnesium sulfate kukho konke ukulethwa kwakho. Umfutho wegazi lakho kufanele ubuyele ezingeni elijwayelekile kungakapheli izinsuku kuya kumaviki okulethwa. Ngoba isimo singase singaxazululeki ngokushesha, landelela eduze ngemuva kokubeletha futhi isikhathi esithile ngemuva kubalulekile.

Indlela engcono yokuvimbela izinkinga ezivela ku-preeclampsia ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi. Uma uya ekuvakasheni kwakho kokubeletha, hlala utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha.