Ukunciphisa: Izimbangela Nokuphathwa

-Delile

• Kuyini ukunciphisa?
• Ukwehluka kwehluka kanjani kubantu abane-autism?
• Izinhlobo zokuziphatha okunciphisayo
• Ubuningi bokuziphatha
• Kungani abantu abane-autism bevuselela?
• Ngabe ukuncipha kungalawulwa?
• Amathiphu okuphatha
• Umbono

Kuyini ukunciphisa?

Igama elithi “ukuncipha” libhekisela ekuziphatheni okuzivuselelayo, ngokuvamile okubandakanya ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe noma imisindo.

Wonke umuntu uyanqwabelana ngandlela thile. Akucaci njalo kwabanye.

Ukunciphisa kuyingxenye yenqubo yokuhlonza i-autism. Lokho akwenzi ngoba ukuncipha kuhlale kuhlobene ne-autism. Kungenxa yokuthi ukuncipha kwabantu abane-autism kungaphuma ekulawuleni futhi kudale izinkinga.

Ukunquma akuyona into embi edinga ukukhandwa. Kepha kufanele kubhekwane nayo lapho kuphazamisa abanye futhi kuphazamisa ikhwalithi yempilo.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngokuncipha, lapho kudinga ukuphathwa, nokuthi ungaluthola kuphi usizo.

Ukwehluka kwehluka kanjani kubantu abane-autism?

Cishe wonke umuntu wenza uhlobo oluthile lokuziphatha okuzikhuthaza. Ungahle ulume izinzipho zakho noma uzungeze izinwele zakho uzungeze iminwe yakho lapho unesithukuthezi, unovalo, noma udinga ukukhulula ukungezwani.

Ukunciphisa kungaba umkhuba onjengokuthi awazi nokuthi uyakwenza. Kubantu abaningi, kuyindlela engenabungozi. Uyabona ukuthi nini futhi kuphi lapho kungafanele khona.

Isibonelo, uma ubulokhu ushaya iminwe yakho etafuleni lakho imizuzu engama-20, uthatha izinkomba zomphakathi ocasula abanye bese ukhetha ukuyeka.

Kubantu abane-autism, ukuncipha kungabonakala kakhulu. Isibonelo, ingahle iveze njengokugcwala komzimba ngokugcwele emuva naphambili, ukuzulazula, noma ukushaya izandla. Kungabuye kuqhubeke isikhathi eside. Imvamisa, lowo muntu unokwaziswa okuncane kwezenhlalo ukuthi isimilo singaphazamisa abanye.

Ukunciphisa okuhambisana ne-autism akuyona njalo imbangela yokukhathazeka.

Kuba yinkinga kuphela uma kuphazamisa ukufunda, kuphumela ekukhishweni komphakathi, noma kuyonakalisa. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, kungaba yingozi.

Izinhlobo zokuziphatha okunciphisayo

Izindlela zokuziphatha ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• ukuluma izinzipho zakho
• ukuzungezisa izinwele zakho uzungeze iminwe yakho
• ukuqhekeka amaqupha akho noma amanye amalunga
• ukubetha iminwe yakho
• ngokuthepha ipensela lakho
• unyakazisa unyawo lwakho
• ukushaya ikhwela

Kumuntu one-autism, ukuncipha kungafaka:

• ukuzamazama
• ukushaya izandla noma ukucwayiza noma ukushaya iminwe
• ukubhampa, ukugxuma, noma ukuzulazula
• ukuhambahamba ngezinyawo
• ukudonsa izinwele
• ukuphinda amagama noma imishwana
• ukuxubha isikhumba noma ukunwaya
• ukucwayiza okuphindaphindwayo
• ukugqolozela amalambu noma izinto ezijikelezayo njengabalandeli besilingi
• ukukhotha, ukuxubha, noma ukuphulula izinhlobo ezithile zezinto
• ukuhogela abantu noma izinto
• ukuhlela kabusha izinto

Ingane ene-autism ingachitha amahora ekugcineni ihlela amathoyizi esikhundleni sokudlala ngawo. Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo kungabandakanya ukukhathazeka noma ukukhathazeka ngezinto ezithile noma ukusho imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi yendaba ethile.

Ezinye izindlela eziphindaphindwayo zokuziphatha zingadala ukulimala emzimbeni. Lokhu kuziphatha kufaka:

• ikhanda lishaya
• isibhakela noma ukuluma
• ukuxubha ngokweqile noma ukunwaya esikhunjeni
• ukukha utwayi noma izilonda
• ukugwinya izinto eziyingozi

Ubuningi bokuziphatha

Nge-autism noma ngaphandle kwayo, kunokuhlukahluka okuningi ekutheni kunciphisa kaningi kangakanani kwenzeka kumuntu nomuntu.

Ungahle uqhekeze ama-knuckles akho kuphela uma ucindezeleke kakhulu, noma ungahlanganyela kulokhu kuziphatha kaningi ngosuku.

Kwabanye abantu abane-autism, ukuncipha kungaba yinto yansuku zonke. Kungaba nzima ukuyeka. Ingaqhubeka amahora amaningi ngesikhathi.

Kungani abantu abane-autism bevuselela?

Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola isizathu sokunqotshwa. Kuyindlela yokubhekana nayo engasebenza ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.

Isibonelo, umuntu one-autism kungenzeka ukuthi uzama uku:

• khuthaza izinzwa noma wehlise ukulayishwa ngokweqile kwezinzwa
• ukuzivumelanisa nesimo esingajwayelekile
• ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka nokuzola
• baveze ukukhungatheka, ikakhulukazi uma benenkinga yokuxhumana ngempumelelo
• gwema imisebenzi ethile noma okulindelwe

Uma iziqephu ezedlule zokuncipha ziholele ekufuneni ukunakwa, ukuncipha kungaba yindlela yokuqhubeka nokunakwa.

Isazi sokuziphatha noma umeluleki onolwazi lwe-autism angakusiza uqonde izizathu zokuziphatha okunciphisayo.

Kwezinye izimo, ukuncipha kuwumzamo wokunciphisa ubuhlungu noma okunye ukungaphatheki kahle ngokomzimba. Kubalulekile futhi ukunquma ukuthi ngabe okubonakala njengokuncipha empeleni akunazibopho ngenxa yesimo sempilo, njengokuquleka.

Uma usola ukuthi unenkinga yezokwelapha, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ngabe ukuncipha kungalawulwa?

Ukunciphisa akudingi ukuthi kulawulwe ngaphandle kokuthi kubangela inkinga.

Ukuphathwa kungadingeka uma uphendula ngo "yebo" kunoma iyiphi yale mibuzo:

• Ngabe ukuncipha kubangele ukuhlukaniswa nomphakathi?
• Ngabe ukuphazamiseka kuyaphazamisa esikoleni?
• Ngabe ukufinyela kuthinta ikhono lokufunda?
• Ingabe ukuncipha kubangela izinkinga kwamanye amalungu omndeni?
• Ingabe ukunqena kuyonakalisa noma kuyingozi?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nisengozini yokuzilimaza, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ukuhlolwa komzimba nokuhlolwa kungaveza ukulimala okukhona.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungangcono ukuphatha ukusika esikhundleni sokuzama ukukulawula ngokuphelele. Lapho usebenza nezingane, inhloso kufanele kube ukukhuthaza ukuzithiba. Akufanele kube ukulawula kwabo.

Amathiphu okuphatha

Kulula ukuphatha ukunciphisa uma ungathola isizathu sako. Ukuziphatha kuyindlela yokuxhumana. Ukuqonda ukuthi umuntu onama-stimming uzama ukuthini kubalulekile.

Linganisa isimo ngaphambi nje kokuqala kokunquma. Yini ebonakala idala lokhu kuziphatha? Kwenzakalani?

Gcina lokhu okulandelayo engqondweni:

• Yenza okusemandleni akho ukuqeda noma ukunciphisa i-trigger, ukucindezela okuphansi, nokuhlinzeka ngemvelo yokuzola.
• Zama ukunamathela esimisweni semisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• Khuthaza ukuziphatha okwamukelekayo nokuzithiba.
• Gwema ukujezisa ukuziphatha. Lesi senzo asinconywa. Uma umisa isimilo esisodwa ngaphandle kokubhekana nezizathu zalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kufakwe okunye, okungase kungabi ngcono.
• Fundisa enye indlela yokuziphatha esiza ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezifanayo. Isibonelo, ukushaya izandla kungashintshwa ngokukhama ibhola lokucindezela noma omunye umsebenzi omuhle wezimoto.

Cabanga ukusebenza ngokuziphatha noma omunye uchwepheshe we-autism. Bangakwazi ukukuhlola wena noma ingane yakho ukuthola izizathu zokuncipha.

Lapho imbangela yaziwa, bangenza izincomo ngezindlela ezinhle zokuphatha isimilo.

Izincomo zingafaka:

• ukungenelela nganoma yikuphi ukuziphatha okungaphephile
• ukwazi ukuthi ungaphenduli nini
• ukweluleka amanye amalungu omndeni ngokuthi angasiza kanjani
• ukuqinisa isimilo esamukelekayo
• kwakha indawo ephephile
• iphakamisa eminye imisebenzi enikeza umphumela oyifunayo
• ukufundisa amathuluzi okuzilawula
• ukusebenza nabelaphi emsebenzini, othisha, kanye nohlelo lwezemfundo
• ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha lapho kudingeka

Umbono

Ukuziphatha okukhuthazayo kungafika kudlule ngokwezimo. Kwesinye isikhathi baba ngcono njengoba ingane ivuthwa, kepha futhi zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngezikhathi ezinzima.

Kuthatha ukubekezela nokuqonda, kepha abantu abaningi abane-autism bangafunda ukuphatha ukuncipha.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuthola ukuzithiba kungathuthukisa impilo esikoleni, emsebenzini, nasezimeni zenhlalo.