I-Megacolon enobuthi

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-megacolon enobuthi?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-megacolon enobuthi?
• Itholakala kanjani i-megacolon enobuthi?
• Iphathwa kanjani i-megacolon enobuthi?
• Ngingayivimbela kanjani i-megacolon enobuthi?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Yini i-megacolon enobuthi?

Amathumbu amakhulu yisigaba esiphansi kakhulu sendlela yakho yokugaya ukudla. Kufaka phakathi isithasiselo sakho, ikholoni, ne-rectum. Amathumbu amakhulu aqeda inqubo yokugaya ukudla ngokumunca amanzi nokudlulisa imfucuza (indle) endunu.

Izimo ezithile zingadala ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu amakhulu. Esinye isimo esinjalo i-megacolon enobuthi noma i-megarectum. I-Megacolon yigama elijwayelekile elisho ukwanda okungavamile kwekholoni. I-megacolon enobuthi igama elisetshenziselwa ukuveza ubucayi besimo.

I-megacolon enobuthi ayivamile. Ukwanda kwamathumbu amakhulu aqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa futhi angasongela impilo. Kungaba inkinga yesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (njengesifo sikaCrohn).

Yini ebangela i-megacolon enobuthi?

Enye yezimbangela ze-megacolon enobuthi yisifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD). Izifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo zibangela ukuvuvukala nokucasuka ezingxenyeni zomgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla. Lezi zifo zingaba buhlungu futhi zidale ukulimala okungapheli emathunjini akho amakhulu namancane. Izibonelo ze-IBDs i-ulcerative colitis nesifo sikaCrohn. I-megacolon enobuthi nayo ingabangelwa izifo ezifana ne- IClostridium difficile isifo sofuba.

I-megacolon enobuthi yenzeka lapho izifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo zidala ukuthi ikholoni ikhule, ihlulwe futhi iphazamiseke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ikholoni alikwazi ukukhipha igesi noma indle emzimbeni. Uma igesi nendle zanda kukholoni, amathumbu akho amakhulu angagcina eqhumile.

Ukudwengulwa kwekholoni lakho kusongela impilo. Uma amathumbu akho eqhuma, amabhaktheriya ajwayelekile akhona emathunjini akho akhishwa esiswini sakho. Lokhu kungadala ukutheleleka okungathi sína ngisho nokufa.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunezinye izinhlobo ze-megacolon. Izibonelo zifaka:

• i-pseudo-obstruction megacolon
• i-colonic ileus megacolon
• ukuzalwa kwe-colonic ukuzalwa

Yize lezi zimo zingakhula futhi zilimaze ikholoni, azibangelwa ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-megacolon enobuthi?

Lapho kwenzeka i-megacolon enobuthi, amathumbu amakhulu akhula ngokushesha. Izimpawu zalesi simo zingafika ngokuzumayo futhi zifaka:

• ubuhlungu besisu
• ukuqunjelwa kwesisu (ukuhlukaniswa)
• ubumnene besisu
• imfiva
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (tachycardia)
• ukushaqeka
• uhudo olunegazi noma oluningi
• ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okubuhlungu

I-megacolon enobuthi iyisimo esisongela impilo. Uma lezi zimpawu zikhula, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Itholakala kanjani i-megacolon enobuthi?

Uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ze-megacolon enobuthi, udokotela wakho angakuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho ngokuhlolwa komzimba nokunye ukuhlolwa. Bazokubuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo nokuthi unayo yini i-IBD. Udokotela wakho uzobuye ahlole ukuthi unesisu sethenda yini nokuthi bangayizwa yini imisindo yamathumbu nge-stethoscope ebekwe esiswini sakho.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-megacolon enobuthi, banga-oda ezinye izivivinyo. Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ukuqinisekisa lokhu kutholakala kubandakanya:

• ama-X-ray esiswini
• I-CT scan yesisu
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufana nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC) kanye nama-electrolyte egazi

Iphathwa kanjani i-megacolon enobuthi?

Ukwelashwa kwe-megacolon enobuthi ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlinzwa. Uma uba nalesi simo, uzolaliswa esibhedlela. Uzothola uketshezi ukuvimbela ukushaqeka. Ukushaqeka yisimo esisongela impilo esenzeka lapho ukutheleleka emzimbeni kubangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho wehle ngokushesha.

Lapho umfutho wegazi lakho uzinzile, uzodinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ulungise i-megacolon enobuthi. Kwezinye izimo, i-megacolon enobuthi ingaveza ukukhala noma ukugcotshwa kukholoni. Lesi sililo kufanele silungiswe ukuvimbela amabhaktheriya avela kukholoni ekungeneni emzimbeni.

Noma kungenakho ukugcotshwa, izicubu zekholoni zingabuthaka noma zonakaliswe futhi zidinga ukususwa. Ngokuya ngobukhulu bomonakalo, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze i-colectomy. Le nqubo ifaka phakathi ukususwa okuphelele noma okuyingxenye kwekholoni.

Uzothatha ama-antibiotic ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Ama-antibiotic azosiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okungathi sína okwaziwa nge-sepsis. I-Sepsis ibangela ukusabela okunzima emzimbeni okuvame ukusongela impilo.

Ngingayivimbela kanjani i-megacolon enobuthi?

I-megacolon enobuthi iyinkinga ye-IBD noma izifo. Uma unenye yalezi zimo, kufanele ulandele izeluleko zikadokotela wakho. Lokhu kungafaka ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila nokuthatha imithi ethile. Ukulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho kuzosiza ukulawula izimpawu ze-IBD, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, futhi kunciphise namathuba wokuthi uzokwakha i-megacolon enobuthi.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Uma uhlakulela i-megacolon enobuthi futhi ngokushesha ufune ukwelashwa esibhedlela, umbono wakho wesikhathi eside uzoba muhle. Ukufuna ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kwalesi simo kuzosiza ukuvimbela izinkinga, kufaka phakathi:

• ukugcotshwa (ukuqhekeka) kwekholoni
• sepsis
• ukushaqeka
• ikhoma

Uma kwenzeka izinkinga ze-megacolon enobuthi, udokotela wakho kungadingeka athathe izinyathelo ezinzima. Ukususwa ngokuphelele kwekholoni kungadinga ukuthi ubeke i-ileostomy noma ileoanal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). Lawa madivayisi azosusa indle emzimbeni wakho ngemuva kokususwa kwekholoni yakho.