Amagama Ayishumi Okufanele Uwazi: Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ongasona Omncane

-Delile

• I-death-ligand 1 ehleliwe (PD-L1)
• I-Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
• T790M ukuguqulwa
• Ukwelashwa kweTyrosinse-kinase inhibitor (TKI)
• Ukuguqulwa kwe-KRAS
• Ukuguqulwa kwe-Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)
• I-Adenocarcinoma
• I-squamous cell (epidermoid) carcinoma
• Iseli elikhulu (elingafani nhlobo) i-carcinoma
• I-Immunotherapy

Ukubuka konke

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wena noma othandekayo wakho utholakele, umdlavuza wamaphaphu wesifo esingewona omncane (i-NSCLC) kanye nemigomo eminingi ehlobene nayo ingaba nzima kakhulu. Ukuzama ukuhambisana nawo wonke amagama udokotela akutshela wona kungaba nzima, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu komthelela ongokomzwelo womdlavuza.

Nawa amagama ayi-10 okufanele wazi nge-NSCLC ongahlangana nawo njengoba wenza indlela yakho yokuhlola nokwelashwa.

I-death-ligand 1 ehleliwe (PD-L1)

Ukuhlolwa kwe-PD-L1 kukala ukusebenza kahle kwemithi ethile ehlosiwe (ejwayele ukulamula amasosha omzimba) kulabo abane-NSCLC. Lokhu kusiza odokotela batusa izindlela zokwelashwa ezingcono kakhulu zomugqa wesibili.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)

I-EGFR yisakhi sofuzo esibandakanyeka ekukhuleni kwamaseli nokwahlukana. Ukushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo kuhlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kuze kube uhhafu wawo wonke amacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu abe nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

T790M ukuguqulwa

I-T790M inguquko ye-EGFR ebonwa cishe engxenyeni yawo wonke amacala we-NSCLC amelana nemithi. Ukuguqulwa kusho ukuthi kukhona ushintsho kuma-amino acid, futhi kuthinta indlela umuntu azophendula ngayo ekwelashweni.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukwelashwa kweTyrosinse-kinase inhibitor (TKI)

Ukwelashwa kwe-TKI uhlobo lwezokwelapha ezihlosiwe ze-NSCLC ezivimba umsebenzi we-EGFR, ongagcina amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angakhuli.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukuguqulwa kwe-KRAS

Uhlobo lwe-KRAS lusiza ukulawula ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli. Iyingxenye yeqembu lezakhi zofuzo ezibizwa nge-oncogenes. Esimweni sokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, kungaguqula amaseli anempilo abe ngumdlavuza. Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwe-KRAS kubonakala cishe kumaphesenti ayi-15 kuye kwangama-25 awo wonke amacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukuguqulwa kwe-Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)

Ukuguqulwa kwe-ALK kungukuhlelwa kabusha kofuzo lwe-ALK. Lokhu kuguquka kwenzeka cishe kumaphesenti ama-5 wamacala e-NSCLC, imvamisa kulabo abane-adenocarcinoma subtype ye-NSCLC. Ukuguqulwa kubangela ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza wamaphaphu akhule futhi asakazeke.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Adenocarcinoma

I-Adenocarcinoma iyingxenye engezansi yeNSCLC. Kuvame ukukhula kancane kunezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kepha lokhu kuyehluka. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu obonwa kwabangabhemi.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-squamous cell (epidermoid) carcinoma

I-squamous cell carcinoma iwuhlobo olungaphansi lwe-NSCLC. Abantu abaningi abanohlobo oluncane lomdlavuza wamaphaphu banomlando wokubhema. Umdlavuza uqala emangqamuzaneni amabi, okungamaseli atholakala ngaphakathi kwemigwaqo yomoya yamaphaphu.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Iseli elikhulu (elingafani nhlobo) i-carcinoma

I-cell carcinoma enkulu inguhlobo olungaphansi lwe-NSCLC olungabonakala kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yamaphaphu. Ngokuvamile kunzima ukwelapha ngoba iyakhula futhi isakazeke ngokushesha. Ibala cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15 omdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy yindlela entsha yokwelapha umdlavuza esebenzisa amasosha omzimba omuntu ukusiza umzimba uhlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha ezinye izinhlobo ze-NSCLC, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanomdlavuza obuyile ngemuva kwe-chemotherapy noma olunye ukwelashwa.

Buyela ebhange lezwi