Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kukala amaphesenti ohlobo ngalunye lweseli elimhlophe (WBC) onalo egazini lakho. Iphinde iveze ukuthi ngabe kukhona amaseli angajwayelekile noma angavuthiwe.

Kudingeka isampula yegazi.

Uchwepheshe waselabhoratri uthatha iconsi legazi esampuleni lakho aligcobe kwisilayidi sengilazi. I-smear igcwele idayi ekhethekile, esiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli amhlophe egazi.

Izinhlobo ezinhlanu zamaseli amhlophe egazi, abizwa nangokuthi ama-leukocyte, ngokuvamile avela egazini:

• Ama-neutrophils
• Ama-lymphocyte (amaseli B nama-T cell)
• Ama-monocyte
• Ama-Eosinophils
• Ama-Basophils

Umshini okhethekile noma umhlinzeki wezempilo ubala inani lohlobo ngalunye lweseli. Ukuhlola kukhombisa ukuthi ingabe inani lamaseli lilinganiselwe ngokufanele yini elinye nelinye, nokuthi uma kukhona okungaphezulu noma okuncane kohlobo lweseli elilodwa.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo.

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bazizwa beshaywa noma betinyelwa kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile noma ukulinyazeka okuncane. Lokhu maduzane kuyaphela.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukutheleleka, i-anemia, noma i-leukemia. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuqapha eyodwa yalezi zimo, noma ukubona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyasebenza yini.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli amhlophe egazi zinikezwa njengephesenti:

• Ama-neutrophils: 40% kuya ku-60%
• Ama-lymphocyte: 20% kuya ku-40%
• Ama-monocyte: 2% kuya ku-8%
• Ama-Eosinophils: 1% kuya ku-4%
• Ama-Basophils: 0.5% kuya ku-1%
• Ibhendi (i-neutrophil encane): 0% kuya ku-3%

Noma yikuphi ukutheleleka noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwandisa inani lakho lamaseli amhlophe egazi. Ukubalwa kwamaseli amhlophe aphezulu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuvuvukala, ukuphendula komzimba, noma izifo zegazi ezinjenge-leukemia.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwanda okungavamile kolunye uhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi kungadala ukwehla kwephesenti lezinye izinhlobo zamaseli amhlophe egazi.

Amaphesenti akhuphukile ama-neutrophil angabangelwa:

• Ukutheleleka okunamandla
• Ukucindezeleka okukhulu
• I-Eclampsia (ukuquleka noma ikhoma kowesifazane okhulelwe)
• I-Gout (uhlobo lwe-arthritis ngenxa ye-uric acid buildup egazini)
• Izinhlobo eziyingozi noma ezingapheli ze-leukemia
• Izifo ze-Myeloproliferative
• Isifo samathambo
• I-Rheumatic fever (isifo ngenxa yokutheleleka ngeqembu A streptococcus bacteria)
• I-Thyroiditis (isifo se-thyroid)
• Ukuhlukumezeka
• Ukubhema ugwayi

Amaphesenti anciphile ama-neutrophil kungenzeka ngenxa:

• I-aplastic anemia
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ukuvezwa
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane
• Ukusabalala kwamagciwane okubhebhetheka kakhulu

Amaphesenti akhuphukile ama-lymphocyte angabangelwa:

• Ukutheleleka okungapheli kwegciwane
• I-hepatitis esithathelwanayo (ukuvuvukala kwesibindi nokuvuvukala okuvela kuma-bacteria noma amagciwane)
• I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo, noma i-mono (ukutheleleka ngegciwane okubangela umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwezindlala ze-lymph)
• I-lymphocytic leukemia (uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi)
• I-myeloma eminingi (uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi)
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane (okufana nezinsumpa noma isimungumungwane)

Amaphesenti anciphile ama-lymphocyte angabangelwa:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV / AIDS
• Umdlavuza wegazi
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ukuvezwa
• I-Sepsis (impendulo enamandla, yokuvuvukala kubhaktheriya noma amanye amagciwane)
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid

Amaphesenti akhuphukile ama-monocyte angabangelwa:

• Izifo ezingapheli zokuvuvukala
• Umdlavuza wegazi
• Ukutheleleka kwe-parasitic
• Isifo sofuba, noma i-TB (ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya okubandakanya amaphaphu)
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane (isib.

Amaphesenti akhuphukile ama-eosinophil angabangelwa:

• Isifo i-Addison (izindlala ze-adrenal azikhiqizi ama-hormone anele)
• Ukusabela okweqile
• Umdlavuza
• Umdlavuza wegazi ongamahlalakhona
• Isifo semithambo yeCollagen
• Ama-syndromes we-Hypereosinophilic
• Ukutheleleka kwe-parasitic

Amaphesenti akhuphukile ama-basophil angabangelwa:

• Ngemuva kwe-splenectomy
• Ukusabela okweqile
• I-leukemia engapheli (uhlobo lomdlavuza womnkantsha)
• Isifo semithambo yeCollagen
• Izifo ze-Myeloproliferative (iqembu lezifo zomnkantsha)
• Inqubulunjwana

Amaphesenti anciphile ama-basophil kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi:

• Ukutheleleka okunamandla
• Umdlavuza
• Ukulimala kanzima

Kunengozi encane ethintekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo nemithambo iyehluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye, futhi kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuye kolunye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane, kepha zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• Ukubhoboza okuningi ukuthola imithambo
• I-hematoma (ukuqoqwa kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

Umehluko; Ukungafani; Ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi

• I-Basophil (ukusondela)
• Izakhi ezakhiwe zegazi

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Ukuhlukahluka kwe-leukocyte count (diff) - igazi eliseduze. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhoratri Nezinqubo Zokuxilonga. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 440-446.

IHutchison RE, iSchexneider KI. Izinkinga ze-leukocytic. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 33.