I-Tolbutamide

-Delile

• Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-tolbutamide,
• Lo muthi ungadala ushintsho kushukela wakho wegazi. Kufanele wazi izimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi futhi ophakeme nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma unalezi zimpawu.
• I-Tolbutamide ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
• Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
• Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka phakathi izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia kanye nokulandelayo:

I-Tolbutamide isetshenziswa kanye nokudla nokuvivinya umzimba, futhi kwesinye isikhathi neminye imithi, ukwelapha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili (isimo lapho umzimba ungasebenzisi i-insulin ngokujwayelekile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, awukwazi ukulawula inani likashukela egazini). I-Tolbutamide isekilasini lemithi ebizwa nge-sulfonylureas. I-Tolbutamide yehlisa ushukela wegazi ngokubangela amanyikwe ukuthi akhiqize i-insulin (into yemvelo edingekayo ukuphula ushukela emzimbeni) nokusiza umzimba ukuthi usebenzise i-insulin kahle. Lo muthi uzosiza kuphela ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi kubantu abanemizimba ekhiqiza i-insulin ngokwemvelo. I-Tolbutamide ayisetshenziselwa ukwelapha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 (isimo lapho umzimba ungakhiqizi khona i-insulin, ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukulawula inani likashukela egazini) noma i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (isimo esibi kakhulu esingavela uma ushukela wegazi ongelashwa ).

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye noshukela ophakeme wegazi bangakhula babe nezinkinga ezinkulu noma ezisongela impilo, kufaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, izinkinga zezinso, ukulimala kwemizwa nezinkinga zamehlo. Ukuthatha imishanguzo, ukwenza ushintsho endleleni ophila ngayo (isb., Ukudla, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuyeka ukubhema), nokuhlola njalo ushukela wegazi lakho kungasiza ukuphatha isifo sikashukela nokuthuthukisa impilo yakho. Lokhu kwelashwa kunganciphisa namathuba akho okuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, noma ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela njengokuhluleka kwezinso, ukulimala kwemizwa (okundikindiki, imilenze ebandayo noma izinyawo; ukwehla kwekhono lezocansi kwabesilisa nabesifazane), izinkinga zamehlo, kufaka phakathi izinguquko noma ukulahleka kombono, noma isifo sezinsini. Udokotela wakho nabanye abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo bazokhuluma nawe ngendlela engcono yokuphatha isifo sikashukela.

I-Tolbutamide iza njengethebhulethi ezothathwa ngomlomo. Kuvame ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku ekuseni. Tshela udokotela wakho uma i-tolbutamide icasula isisu sakho. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uthathe imithamo emincane ye-tolbutamide ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku. Ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule ukuthatha i-tolbutamide, yithathe ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke. Landela izinkomba ezikulebuli kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, bese ubuza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho ukuthi akuchaze nganoma iyiphi ingxenye ongayiqondi. Thatha i-tolbutamide njengoba nje kuqondisiwe. Ungayithathi kancane noma uyithathe kaningi kunokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho.

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka akuqale ngomthamo ophansi we-tolbutamide futhi akhuphule kancane umthamo wakho uma kudingeka. Ngemuva kokuthatha i-tolbutamide isikhathi esithile, i-tolbutamide kungenzeka ingakwazi ukulawula ushukela wegazi lakho futhi njengoba yenzile ekuqaleni kokwelashwa kwakho. Udokotela wakho angalungisa umthamo wemithi yakho njengoba kudingeka ukuze umuthi uzokusebenzela kangcono. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ukuthi uzizwa kanjani nokuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kukashukela egazini yakho ibikhuphuke kakhulu noma yehla kunokujwayelekile noma nini ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho.

Lo muthi kwesinye isikhathi ubekelwa okunye ukusetshenziswa; buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-tolbutamide,

• Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi uma unegciwane ku-tolbutamide, noma imuphi omunye umuthi, noma iziphi izithako ku-tolbutamide. Buza usokhemisi wakho ukuthola uhlu lwezithako.
• Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo kadokotela neyokungabhalisi, amavithamini, izithako zokudla okunempilo, nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo noma ohlela ukuyithatha. Qiniseka ukuthi usho ama-anticoagulants (’ama-thinner egazi’) afana ne-warfarin (Coumadin); i-aspirin neminye imishanguzo yokulwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) ne-naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn); ama-beta blockers anjenge-atenolol (Tenormin), labetalol (Normodyne), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolol (Corgard), nepropranolol (Inderal); ama-calcium channel blocker afana ne-amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac, others), felodipine (Plendil), isradipine (DynaCirc), nicardipine (Cardene), nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), nimodipine (Nimotop), nisold Sular), kanye ne-verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan); i-chloramphenicol; isisu (‘amaphilisi amanzi’); i-fluconazole (i-Diflucan), i-hormone replacement therapy kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zamahomoni (amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, amabala, izindandatho, okufakelwa kanye nemijovo); i-insulin noma eminye imithi yokwelapha ushukela ophakeme wegazi noma isifo sikashukela; i-isoniazid (INH); Ama-inhibitor e-MAO afana ne-isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), ne-tranylcypromine (iParnate); imithi yesifuba somoya nemikhuhlane; imithi yokugula ngengqondo kanye nesicanucanu; miconazole (Monistat); i-niacin; i-steroids yomlomo efana ne-dexamethasone (i-Decadron, i-Dexone), i-methylprednisolone (i-Medrol), ne-prednisone (i-Deltasone); i-phenytoin (iDilantin); ama-probenecid (i-Benemid); ubuhlungu be-salicylate buqeda njenge-choline magnesium trisalicylate, i-choline salicylate (i-Arthropan), i-diflunisal (i-Dolobid), i-magnesium salicylate (i-Doan's, abanye), ne-salsalate (i-Argesic, i-Disalcid, i-Salgesic); i-sulfa antibiotic efana ne-co-trimoxazole (Bactrim, Septra); i-sulfasalazine (i-Azulfidine); nemithi yegilo. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho uma uyeka ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngenkathi uthatha i-tolbutamide. Udokotela wakho angadinga ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho noma akuqaphele ngokucophelela ngemiphumela emibi.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nokushoda kwe-G6PD (isimo esizuzwe njengefa esidala ukubhujiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi noma i-hemolytic anemia); uma unezinkinga zehomoni ezibandakanya i-adrenal, pituitary, noma i-thyroid gland; noma uma unesifo senhliziyo, sezinso noma sesibindi.
• tshela udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe, hlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. Uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha i-tolbutamide, shayela udokotela wakho.
• uma uhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kwamazinyo, tshela udokotela noma udokotela wamazinyo ukuthi uthatha i-tolbutamide.
• buza udokotela wakho ngokusetshenziswa okuphephile kweziphuzo ezidakayo ngenkathi uthatha i-tolbutamide. Utshwala bungenza imiphumela emibi ye-tolbutamide ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-tolbutamide nakho kungadala izimpawu ezifana nokugobhoza (ukubomvu kobuso), ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubuthakathaka, ukungaboni kahle, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukujuluka, ukuminyana, ubunzima bokuphefumula nokukhathazeka.
• hlela ukugwema ukuvezwa yilanga ngokungadingekile noma isikhathi eside futhi ugqoke izingubo zokuzivikela, izibuko zelanga, nesikhumba selanga. I-Tolbutamide ingenza isikhumba sakho sizwele ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
• buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ugula, uba nesifo noma umkhuhlane, uba nengcindezi engajwayelekile, noma ulimele. Lezi zimo zingathinta ushukela wegazi lakho kanye nenani le-tolbutamide ongayidinga.

Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela zonke izincomo zokuzivocavoca nezokudla ezenziwa ngudokotela wakho noma udokotela odlayo. Kubalulekile ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, nokunciphisa isisindo uma kunesidingo.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha i-tolbutamide, buza wena dokotela ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo. Bhala lezi zinkomba phansi ukuze ukwazi ukubheka kuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, thatha isilinganiso esilahlekile ngokushesha nje lapho usikhumbula. Uma sekusondele isikhathi somthamo olandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nesimiso sakho sokulinganisa okujwayelekile. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili ukwenza okulahlekile.

Lo muthi ungadala ushintsho kushukela wakho wegazi. Kufanele wazi izimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi futhi ophakeme nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma unalezi zimpawu.

I-Tolbutamide ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:

• isicanucanu
• ukugcwala kwesisu ngaphezulu
• isilungulela
• ukuqubuka
• ikhanda
• izinguquko ekunambithekeni

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma kwamehlo
• indle enombala okhanyayo
• umchamo omnyama
• ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu
• ukulimaza noma ukopha okungavamile
• isifo sohudo
• imfiva
• Umphimbo obuhlungu

I-Tolbutamide ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi. Shayela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ezingavamile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, wena noma udokotela wakho ungathumela umbiko kuhlelo lwe-Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) noma ngocingo ( 1-800-332-1088).

Kokunye ukuhlola, abantu abathathe i-tolbutamide ukwelapha isifo sikashukela babesengozini yokufa ngezinkinga zenhliziyo kunabantu ababelashwa i-insulin nezinguquko zokudla. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zokuthatha i-tolbutamide.

Gcina le mithi esitsheni efike ngayo, ivalwe ngokuqinile, futhi lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona. Yigcine ekamelweni lokushisa kude nokukhanya, ukushisa okweqile, nomswakama (hhayi endlini yangasese).

Imithi engadingeki kufanele ilahlwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, izingane nabanye abantu abakwazi ukuzidla. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukhiphe le mithi ethoyilethi. Esikhundleni salokho, indlela engcono kakhulu yokulahla imithi yakho ngohlelo lokubuyisa umuthi. Khuluma nosokhemisi wakho noma uthinte umnyango wangakini wokulahla udoti / wokusebenzisa kabusha ukuze ufunde ngezinhlelo zokubuyisa emphakathini wakho. Bheka iwebhusayithi yakwa-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ukuthola eminye imininingwane uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela kuhlelo lokubuyisa.

Kubalulekile ukugcina yonke imishanguzo ingabonakali futhi ifinyeleleke ezinganeni njengoba iziqukathi eziningi (njengezingqondo zamaphilisi zamasonto onke kanye nalawo amaconsi wamehlo, okhilimu, amabala, kanye nama-inhalers) azimeleki ezinganeni futhi izingane ezincane zingazivula kalula. Ukuvikela izingane ezisencane ekufakeni ubuthi, hlala uvala amakepisi okuphepha bese ubeka umuthi endaweni ephephile - eyodwa ephezulu futhi engekho futhi engabonakali kubo futhi efinyelela kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa ngokweqile, shayela ucingo losizo lokulawula ubuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Imininingwane iyatholakala online ku-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Uma isisulu siwile, saba nokuquleka, sinenkinga yokuphefumula, noma singakwazi ukuvuswa, shayela ngokushesha abezimo eziphuthumayo ku-911.

Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka phakathi izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia kanye nokulandelayo:

• isithuthwane
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho kanye nelabhorethri. Izinga likashukela egazini lakho nomchamo wakho kufanele lihlolwe njalo ukuthola impendulo yakho ku-tolbutamide. Udokotela wakho anga-oda ezinye izivivinyo zelebhu, kufaka phakathi i-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated (HbA1c), ukubheka impendulo yakho ku-tolbutamide. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela nokuthi ungayihlola kanjani impendulo yakho kulo muthi ngokulinganisa amazinga egazi lakho noma umchamo ekhaya. Landela le miyalo ngokucophelela.

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi uvivinyo lwelabhoratri, tshela udokotela wakho kanye nabasebenzi be-laboratory ukuthi uthatha i-tolbutamide.

Kufanele njalo ufake isongo lokuhlonza isifo sikashukela ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele esimeni esiphuthumayo.

Ungavumeli omunye umuntu ukuthi athathe imithi yakho. Buza usokhemisi wakho noma imiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nokugcwalisa umuthi wakho.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ugcine uhlu olubhaliwe lwayo yonke imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo kadokotela kanye nokungabhaliswanga (ngaphezulu kokuthenga), kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo efana namavithamini, amaminerali, noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Kufanele uze nalolu hlu njalo uma uvakashela udokotela noma uma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nemininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi uphathe uma kwenzeka kunezimo eziphuthumayo.

• I-Orinase^®¶

^¶ Lo mkhiqizo onophawu alusekho emakethe. Ezinye izindlela ezijwayelekile zingatholakala.