Izimbangela eziyisi-7 zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo nokuthi wenzeni

-Delile

• 1. Amagciwane
• 2. Salmonella sp.
• 3. Shigella sp.
• 4. Escherichia coli
• 5. UGiardia lamblia
• 6. I-Ascaris lumbricoides
• 7. I-Entamoeba histolytica
• Izimpawu zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo

Isifo sohudo esithathelwanayo singabangelwa ikakhulu ngama-virus, ama-bacteria kanye nama-parasites, futhi kubalulekile ukukhomba umuthi othelelanayo ukuqala ukwelashwa namathuba ezinkinga, njengokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ancipha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho nje kuvela izimpawu zohudo, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela ojwayelekile noma kudokotela wezingane, esimweni sezingane, ukuze kuqale ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa.

Akunconywa ukusebenzisa imithi "ebamba" amathumbu, ngoba ngale ndlela i-ejenti elithathelwanayo aliqediwe futhi kunamathuba amakhulu okuba nezinkinga. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uphuze uketshezi oluningi futhi ube nokudla okulula nokunempilo ukukhuthaza ukuqedwa komenzeli obhekele lokho.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo yilezi:

1. Amagciwane

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kuyimbangela enkulu yohudo oluthathelwanayo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni eziphakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha neminyaka emibili ubudala, futhi kuvame ukuhlobene neRotavirus. Leli gciwane lidluliswa kalula lisuka enganeni iye komunye kanti indlela ehamba phambili yokudlulisa i-fecal-oral.

Uhudo oluthathelwanayo olubangelwa i-rotavirus lukhulu kakhulu futhi lunephunga elinamandla, ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimpawu zingavela enganeni, njengomkhuhlane nokuhlanza, ngokwesibonelo. Njengoba lolu hlobo lohudo lukhulu kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthi lukhonjwe futhi lelashwa ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi enganeni. Funda ukubona ukutheleleka nge-rotavirus.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Endabeni yokutheleleka okusolwayo nge-rotavirus, into enhle ongayenza ukuyisa ingane kudokotela wezingane ukuze ayohlolwa bese kuthi ukwelashwa kukhonjiswe ngokuya ngezimpawu ezethulwayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukunikela ngamanzi neziphuzo enganeni, ukugwema ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ngaphezu kokudla okulula ukwenza ingane ilulame ngokushesha.

2. Salmonella sp.

Ukutheleleka nge I-Salmonella sp. kwenzeka ngokungeniswa kokudla okungcoliswe yilesi sifo, ikakhulukazi inyama yamaqanda nenyama eluhlaza, ngokwesibonelo, okubangela isifo sohudo esibi, ukuhlanza nomkhuhlane omkhulu. Izimpawu ze-salmonellosis zingavela kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva kokuxhumana komuntu namagciwane ngokuya ngezinga lokungcola kokudla. Bona okuningi nge-salmonellosis.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu aphuze uketshezi oluningi futhi abe nokudla okulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi uye kudokotela ukuze enze ukuxilongwa kwelabhoratri ye-salmonellosis kanye nokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kungaqalwa uma udokotela ecabanga ukuthi kunesidingo.

3. Shigella sp.

Isifo sohudo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa Shigella sp. kwenzeka futhi ngenxa yokudliwa kokudla namanzi angcoliswe yigciwane, kubuhlungu esiswini, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nekhanda, ngaphezu kohudo. Izimpawu ze-shigellosis ziyanyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-5 kuye kwezi-7, kepha-ke uma izimpawu ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi, kuyanconywa ukuya kudokotela ukuyoxilonga nokwelashwa.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Endabeni ye-shigellosis, udokotela uvame ukuncoma, ngaphezu kokuphumula nokusetshenziswa koketshezi oluningi emini, ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic, njenge-Azithromycin, ukwenza, ukuthi amabhaktheriya asuswe ngokushesha emzimbeni. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic, noma kunjalo, kunconywa kuphela lapho kungekho kuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu futhi isifo sohudo sihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-7.

4. Escherichia coli

THE Escherichia coli, noma umane E. coli, yigciwane elikhona ngokwemvelo emathunjini omuntu, noma kunjalo futhi lihlobene nezimo zohudo. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo ze- E. coli engangcolisa ukudla nobuthi obukhiqizwa yilolu hlobo lwe E. coli kungadala isifo sohudo.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Kubalulekile ukuthi ukutheleleka nge Escherichia coli ikhonjwe ngokuhlolwa kwendle, amasiko ahlangene, ukuze imininingwane yezwela ngaleli gciwane yaziwe futhi kukhonjiswe ngemithi elwa namagciwane engcono kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu aphumule, aphuze uketshezi oluningi futhi adle ukudla okulula nokulinganiselayo. Thola konke mayelana Escherichia coli.

5. UGiardia lamblia

THE UGiardia lamblia yisinambuzane esisemathunjini esibhekele ukubangela isifo sohudo ezinganeni futhi senzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-cysts alesi silokazane esikhona emanzini nasekudleni okungcolile. IGiardiasis ingabonwa ngezimpawu ezivela phakathi kwamasonto ayi-1 kuye kwayi-3 ngemuva kokuthintana UGiardia lamblia, nohudo, isicanucanu, indle ephuzi nobuhlungu besisu, isibonelo. Yazi ezinye izimpawu ze-giardiasis.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Uma kusolwa ukutheleleka nge UGiardia lamblia, kubalulekile ukuthi ingane iye kudokotela wezingane ukuze ihlolwe, ikakhulukazi isitulo se-parasitological, ukuze kube khona ukutholakala kwama-cysts esitokisini somntwana. Uma ukuxilongwa kuqinisekisiwe, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, njengeMetronidazole neSecnidazole, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezu kokuncoma ukuphumula nokuphuza uketshezi oluningi.

6. I-Ascaris lumbricoides

O I-Ascaris lumbricoides, edume ngokubizwa nge-roundworm, nayo iyigciwane elikhulela emathunjini futhi elingadala uhudo, ukungakhululeki esiswini nokuhlanza, ngokwesibonelo. Ukudluliswa kwalesi silokazane kwenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kokudla namanzi angcoliswe amaqanda alesi sifo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ukudla kuhlanzwe kahle ngaphambi kokuba kulungiswe futhi kuphekwe.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka nge I-Ascaris lumbricoides kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwama-antiparasitic agents, njenge-Albendazole, Ivermectin noma iMebendazole, okumele kwenziwe ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela futhi kuhlose ukukhuthaza ukuqedwa kwalesi sifo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-Ascaris lumbricoides.

7. I-Entamoeba histolytica

THE I-Entamoeba histolytica yisinambuzane esibhekele i-amebiasis, okuyisifo esithathelwanayo esivezwa uhudo olunzima, umkhuhlane, indle enegazi, isicanucanu nokukhathala, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlala njalo ezinganeni ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezinezimo eziyisisekelo zokukhucululwa kwendle. Bona okuningi nge-amebiasis.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Kubalulekile ukuthi ukutheleleka nge I-Entamoeba histolytica ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngokushesha ukugwema izinkinga.Ngakho-ke, lapho nje kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zohudo ezithathelwanayo, kunconywa ukuthi ingane ihlolelwe indle ukwenza ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kungaqalwa, okuvame ukwenziwa ngeMetronidazole izinsuku ezingaba yishumi noma ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela.

Izimpawu zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo

Izimpawu zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo zivame ukuvela ngemuva kokuthintana nomenzeli obhekene nokutheleleka, imvamisa ngokusebenzisa ukudla noma amanzi angcolile. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo yilezi:

• Khulisa isibalo sokukhishwa emini;
• Shintsha ukungaguquguquki kwendle nombala, kuya ngesizathu sohudo oluthathelwanayo;
• Imfiva;
• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukuhlanza;
• Ukugula okuvamile;
• Ubuthakathaka.

Uma lezi zimpawu zikhonjisiwe, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela ukuze aqale ukwelashwa ukuvimbela ukoma, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe indle yokuhlonza umuntu obhekene nokutheleleka futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, kungaqalwa ukwelashwa okufanele , okungaba nemithi elwa namagciwane noma imishanguzo elwa nokugula, isibonelo. Qonda ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwesitulo kwenziwa kanjani.