I-Insulin Glargine, Isixazululo Esingenayo

-Delile

• Kuyini i-insulin glargine?
• Kungani kusetshenziswa
• Isebenza kanjani
• Imiphumela emibi ye-insulin glargine
• Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile
• Imiphumela emibi kakhulu
• I-insulin glargine ingaxhumana neminye imithi
• Izidakamizwa ezandisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia
• Imithi yomlomo yesifo sikashukela
• Imithi ejojowe yesifo sikashukela
• Umfutho wegazi nezidakamizwa zenhliziyo
• Imithi yokushaya kwenhliziyo engajwayelekile
• Imithi eyehlisa i-cholesterol yakho
• Izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukudangala
• Imithi yezinhlungu
• Ama-antibiotic e-Sulfonamide
• Imithi ezacile yegazi
• Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuvuvukala
• Izidakamizwa ze-asthma
• Imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo
• Amahomoni wegilo
• Ama-hormone abesifazane
• Izidakamizwa zokwelapha i-HIV
• Izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-insulin glargine
• Amafomu esikali namandla
• Isilinganiso sokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwe-glucose kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1
• Isilinganiso sokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwe-glucose kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile komthamo
• Izexwayiso ze-insulini glargine
• Isexwayiso sikashukela egazini eliphansi
• Isexwayiso se-Thiazolidinediones
• Isixwayiso sokutheleleka
• Isexwayiso samazinga aphansi e-potassium
• Isexwayiso somzimba
• Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kokudla
• Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kotshwala
• Isexwayiso sokusetshenziswa
• Izexwayiso zabantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo
• Izexwayiso kwamanye amaqembu
• Sebenzisa njengoba kuqondisiwe
• Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokusebenzisa i-insulin glargine
• Jikelele
• Isitoreji
• Ukuvakasha
• Ukuzilawula
• Ukuqapha komtholampilo
• Ukudla kwakho
• Izindleko ezifihliwe
• Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Amaphuzu avelele we-insulin glargine

1. Isixazululo somjovo we-insulin glargine siyatholakala njengezidakamizwa ezinegama lomkhiqizo. Akutholakali njengomuthi ojwayelekile. Amagama omkhiqizo: Lantus, Basaglar, Toujeo.
2. I-insulin glargine iza kuphela njengesisombululo somjovo.
3. Isixazululo somjovo we-insulin glargine sisetshenziselwa ukulawula ushukela wegazi ophakeme (i-hyperglycemia) kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2.

Kuyini i-insulin glargine?

I-insulin glargine ngumuthi kadokotela. Kuza njengesixazululo sokuzijova.

I-insulini glargine iyatholakala njengegama lomuthi wezidakamizwa iLantus, iBasaglar, neToujeo. Akutholakali kunguqulo ejwayelekile.

I-insulin glargine iyi-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside. Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokuhlanganiswa ne-insulin emfushane noma esebenza ngokushesha. Uma une-type 2 yesifo sikashukela, lesi sidakamizwa singasetshenziswa sodwa noma ngeminye imithi.

Kungani kusetshenziswa

I-insulin glargine isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukunciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini kubantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Isebenza kanjani

I-insulin glargine ingeyesigaba sezidakamizwa esibizwa ngokuthi ama-insulins asebenza isikhathi eside. Isigaba semithi siyiqembu lemithi esebenza ngendlela efanayo. Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifanayo.

I-insulin glargine isebenza ngokulawula ukuthi ushukela usetshenziswa futhi ugcinwa kanjani emzimbeni wakho. Kwandisa inani likashukela imisipha yakho elisebenzisayo, kusiza ukugcina ushukela emafutheni, futhi kumise isibindi sakho ekwenzeni ushukela. Iphinde imise amanoni namaprotheni ekonakalisweni, futhi isize umzimba wakho ukwenza amaprotheni.

Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, amanyikwe akho awakwazi ukwenza i-insulin. Uma une-type 2 yesifo sikashukela, ama-pancreas akho angeke enze i-insulin eyanele, noma umzimba wakho awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin eyenziwa ngumzimba wakho. I-insulin glargine ingena esikhundleni sengxenye ye-insulin edingwa ngumzimba wakho.

Imiphumela emibi ye-insulin glargine

Isixazululo somjovo we-insulin glargine singadala ukozela. Kungadala neminye imiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile engenzeka nge-insulin glargine ifaka:

• Ushukela wegazi ophansi. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • indlala
  • uvalo
  • ukuqhaqhazela
  • ukujuluka
  • Ukugodola
  • clammness
  • isiyezi
  • ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
  • ubumhlophe
  • ubuthongo
  • ukudideka
  • ukungaboni kahle
  • ikhanda
  • uzizwe udidekile noma ungazithandi, nokucasuka
• Ukuzuza kwesisindo okungachazeki
• Ukuvuvukala ezingalweni, emilenzeni, ezinyaweni, noma emaqakaleni (i-edema)
• Ukusabela esizeni somjovo. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • indent encane esikhumbeni sakho (lipoatrophy)
  • ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa izicubu ezinamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba ekusebenziseni indawo yokujova ngokweqile
  • isikhumba esibomvu, esivuvukile, esivuthayo noma esilumayo

Le miphumela emibi ingahle ihambe zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa. Uma zinzima kakhulu noma zingahambi, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Shayela u-911 uma izimpawu zakho zizizwa zisongela impilo noma uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Imiphumela emibi kanye nezimpawu zayo zingafaka okulandelayo:

• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukusabela okweqile. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ukuqubuka kwesikhumba
  • ukulunywa noma isifuba
  • ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, noma ulimi
• Ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu (i-hypoglycemia). Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ukukhathazeka
  • ukudideka
  • isiyezi
  • ukwanda kwendlala
  • ubuthakathaka obungavamile noma ukukhathala
  • ukujuluka
  • ukuqhaqhazela
  • izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi
  • ukucasuka
  • ikhanda
  • ukungaboni kahle
  • ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
  • ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uxoxa ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo owazi umlando wakho wezokwelapha.

I-insulin glargine ingaxhumana neminye imithi

Isixazululo somjovo we-insulin glargine singahlangana neminye imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi okungenzeka ukuthi uthatha. Ukusebenzisana kulapho into iguqula indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi noma kuvimbele umuthi ukuthi usebenze kahle.

Ukusiza ukugwema ukuxhumana, udokotela wakho kufanele aphathe yonke imithi yakho ngokucophelela. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi owathathayo. Ukuthola ukuthi lo muthi ungahlangana kanjani nokunye okuthathayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Izibonelo zemithi engadala ukusebenzisana ne-insulin glargine zibhalwe ngezansi.

Izidakamizwa ezandisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia

Le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha nge-insulin glargine. Ukuzisebenzisa ndawonye kungandisa ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela
• pentamidine
• sibongile
• ama-somatostatin analogue

Imithi yomlomo yesifo sikashukela

Le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha nge-insulin glargine. Ukuzisebenzisa ndawonye kungandisa ubungozi bokugcinwa kwamanzi nezinkinga zenhliziyo, njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• imvuzone
• mthombeni

Imithi ejojowe yesifo sikashukela

Ukuthatha okweqile nge-insulin glargine kungandisa ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi ndawonye, ​​udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Umfutho wegazi nezidakamizwa zenhliziyo

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithi yomfutho wegazi zingakuthinta ngokuhlukile ngenkathi usebenzisa i-insulin glargine.

Abavimbela i-Beta

Le mithi ishintsha indlela umzimba wakho owulawula ngayo ushukela wegazi. Ukuthatha nge-insulin glargine kungadala ushukela wegazi ophakeme noma ophansi. Bangase futhi bafihle izimpawu zakho zoshukela ophansi wegazi. Udokotela wakho uzokubheka eduze uma usebenzisa le mithi nge-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• acebutolol
• atenolol
• bisoprolol
• esmolol
• metoprolol
• khanyisile
• nebivolol
• i-propranolol

Ama-angiotensin-aguqula ama-enzyme inhibitors kanye nabaphikisi be-angiotensin II receptor

Le mithi ingakwenza uzwele kakhulu ku-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma uthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, kufanele ubhekwe eduze ukuze ulawule ushukela wegazi. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• umabhebhana
• bongiwe
• indilaphril
• fosinopril
• lisinopril
• quinapril
• sbucwa
• sbongile
• eprosartan
• busisiwe
• losartan
• telzinhle
• valsartan

Ezinye izinhlobo zemithi yomfutho wegazi

Le mithi ingazifihla izimpawu nezimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi. Uma uthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho kufanele akuqaphele eduze.

• clonidine
• guanethidine
• qalela kabusha

Imithi yokushaya kwenhliziyo engajwayelekile

Ukuthatha umabhebhana nge-insulin glargine ingakhuphula umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukusebenzisa le mithi ndawonye, ​​udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Imithi eyehlisa i-cholesterol yakho

Ukuthatha ama-fibrate nge-insulin glargine ingakhuphula umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Ukuthatha i-niacin nge-insulin glargine inganciphisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha lo muthi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukudangala

Ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine kungakhuphula umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini le-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• i-fluoxetine
• i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Imithi yezinhlungu

Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-salicylates nge-insulin glargine ingakhuphula umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• i-aspirin
• i-bismuth subsalicylate

Ama-antibiotic e-Sulfonamide

Ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine kungakhuphula umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini le-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• sulfamethoxazole

Imithi ezacile yegazi

Ukuthatha pentoxifylline nge-insulin glargine kungakhuphula umphumela wokwehla ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela ophansi wegazi. Uma udinga ukuthatha lo muthi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho anganciphisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuvuvukala

Ukuthatha ama-corticosteroids nge-insulin glargine kungehlisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha lo muthi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Izidakamizwa ze-asthma

Ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine kungehlisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• epinephrine
• albuterol
• nomfundo

Imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo

Ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine kungehlisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• i-isoniazid
• pentamidine

Amahomoni wegilo

Ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine kunganciphisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Ama-hormone abesifazane

Ukuthatha i-insulin glargine ngamahomoni avame ukusetshenziswa ekulawuleni ukubeletha kungehlisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• i-estrogen
• progestogens

Izidakamizwa zokwelapha i-HIV

Ukuthatha ama-protease inhibitors nge-insulin glargine kungehlisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela egazini we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• atazanavir
• darunavir
• fosamprenavir
• indimvir
• lopinavir / ritonavir
• umagazine
• i-ritonavir

Izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine kunganciphisa umphumela wokwehlisa ushukela we-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi boshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi nge-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho angakhuphula isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• olanzapine
• i-clozapine
• lithium
• ama-phenothiazines

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zisebenzisana ngokwehlukile kumuntu ngamunye, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya konke ukuxhumana okungenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuhlangana okungenzeka ngayo yonke imishanguzo kadokotela, amavithamini, amakhambi nezithako, kanye nemithi oyithenga uphuza yona.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-insulin glargine

Yonke imithamo namafomu okungenzeka angafakwa lapha. Umthamo wakho, ifomu, nokuthi ulisebenzisa kangaki kuzoya ngokuthi:

• iminyaka yakho
• isimo esilashwa
• sinzima kangakanani isimo sakho
• ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo
• ukuthi usabela kanjani esilinganisweni sokuqala

Amafomu esikali namandla

Umkhiqizo: I-Basaglar

• Ifomu: Isixazululo somjovo
• Amandla: Amayunithi ayi-100 nge-mL, ngepeni eligcwalisiwe elingu-3-mL

Umkhiqizo: I-Lantus

• Ifomu: Isixazululo somjovo
• Amandla:
  • Amayunithi ayi-100 nge-mL ngayinye esitsheni esingu-10-mL
  • Amayunithi ayi-100 nge-mL ipeni eligcwalisiwe elingu-3-mL

Umkhiqizo: Toujeo

• Ifomu: Isixazululo somjovo
• Amandla:
  • Amayunithi angama-300 nge-mL epeni eligcwalisiwe elingu-1.5-mL (amayunithi angama-450 / 1.5 ml)
  • Amayunithi angama-300 nge-mL epeni eligcwalisiwe elingu-3-mL (amayunithi angama-900/3 mL)

Isilinganiso sokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwe-glucose kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1

Izincomo zesilinganiso seLantus neBasaglar

Isikali sabadala (iminyaka eyi-16-64 iminyaka)

• Jova i-insulin glargine kanye ngosuku, ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.
• Udokotela wakho uzobala isilinganiso sakho sokuqala nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zomthamo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho, imiphumela yokuqapha i-glucose yegazi, kanye nezinhloso zokwelashwa.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, isilinganiso sokuqala esinconywayo singaba yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezidingo zakho ze-insulin yansuku zonke. Ukwenza okufishane noma okusheshayo, i-insulin yangaphambi kokudla kufanele isetshenziselwe ukwanelisa okusele kwezidingo zakho zansuku zonke ze-insulin.
• Uma ushintsha usuka kwi-insulin emaphakathi noma esisebenza isikhathi eside uye kwi-insulin glargine, inani kanye nesikhathi semithamo yakho ye-insulin nezidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela kungadinga ukulungiswa ngudokotela wakho.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka eyi-6-15 iminyaka)

• Ingane yakho kufanele ifake i-insulin glargine kanye ngosuku, ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.
• Udokotela wakho uzobala isilinganiso sokuqala sengane yakho ngokuya ngezidingo zengane yakho, imiphumela yokuqapha i-glucose yegazi, kanye nezinhloso zokwelashwa.
• Uma ingane yakho inesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, umthamo wokuqala onconywayo ucishe ube yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezidingo ze-insulin yansuku zonke yengane yakho. I-insulin esebenza okwesikhashana, ngaphambi kokudla kufanele isetshenziselwe ukwanelisa okusele kwezidingo ze-insulin yansuku zonke yengane yakho.
• Uma ingane yakho ishintsha isuka ku-insulin emaphakathi noma esebenza isikhathi eside iye kwi-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi alungise inani kanye nesikhathi semithamo yabo ye-insulin nezidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0-5)

Lo muthi awusungulwanga uphephile futhi usebenza kahle ekusetshenzisweni ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ukwelashwa kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

• Kufanele usebenzise i-insulin glargine ngokuqapha uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala, ngoba kungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukubona izimpawu zeshukela eliphansi egazini. Ungase futhi uzwele kakhulu emiphumeleni ye-insulin.
• Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo wokuqala ophansi futhi akhuphule isilinganiso sakho kancane kancane.

Izincomo zomthamo weToujeo

Isikali sabadala (iminyaka eyi-18-64 iminyaka)

• Jova i-insulin glargine kanye ngosuku, ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.
• Udokotela wakho uzobala isilinganiso sakho sokuqala nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zomthamo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho, imiphumela yokuqapha i-glucose yegazi, kanye nezinhloso zokwelashwa.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, isilinganiso sokuqala esinconywayo singaba yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuya kwesigamu sezidingo zakho zansuku zonke ze-insulin. Kufanele usebenzise i-insulin esebenza okwesikhashana ukwanelisa okusele kwezidingo zakho zansuku zonke ze-insulin.
• Uma ungakaze uthole i-insulini ngaphambili, ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa umthamo wamayunithi angu-0.2 kuya ku-0.4 we-insulin / kg ukubala isilinganiso sakho sokuqala sansuku zonke se-insulin.
• Uma ushintsha usuka kwi-insulin emaphakathi noma esisebenza isikhathi eside uye kwi-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi alungise inani nesikhathi semithamo yakho ye-insulin nezidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka yobudala engu-0-17)

Lesi sidakamizwa asikaze sisungulwe siphephile futhi sisebenza kahle ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

• Kufanele usebenzise i-insulin glargine ngokuqapha uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala, ngoba kungaba nzima kakhulu ukubona izimpawu zeshukela eliphansi egazini. Ungase futhi uzwele kakhulu emiphumeleni ye-insulin.
• Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo wokuqala ophansi futhi akhuphule isilinganiso sakho kancane kancane.

Isilinganiso sokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwe-glucose kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Izincomo zesilinganiso seLantus neBasaglar

Isikali sabadala (iminyaka eyi-18-64 iminyaka)

• Jova i-insulin glargine kanye ngosuku, ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.
• Udokotela wakho uzobala isilinganiso sakho sokuqala nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zomthamo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho, imiphumela yokuqapha i-glucose yegazi, kanye nezinhloso zokwelashwa.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isilinganiso sokuqala esinconywayo singamayunithi angu-0.2 / kg noma kufika kumayunithi ayi-10 kanye ngosuku. Udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi alungise inani nesikhathi semishanguzo yakho emifushane noma esebenza ngokushesha noma imithamo yanoma iziphi izidakamizwa zomlomo ezilwa nesifo sikashukela ozithathayo.
• Uma ushintsha usuka kwi-insulin emaphakathi noma esisebenza isikhathi eside uye kwi-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi alungise inani nesikhathi semithamo yakho ye-insulin nezidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka yobudala engu-0-17)

Lo muthi awusungulwanga uphephile futhi usebenza kahle ekusetshenzisweni ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18 ezine-type 2 diabetes.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

• Kufanele usebenzise i-insulin glargine ngokuqapha uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala, ngoba kungaba nzima kakhulu ukubona izimpawu zeshukela eliphansi egazini. Ungase futhi uzwele kakhulu emiphumeleni ye-insulin.
• Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo wokuqala ophansi futhi akhuphule isilinganiso sakho kancane kancane.

Izincomo ze-Toujeo

Isikali sabadala (iminyaka eyi-18-64 iminyaka)

• Jova i-insulin glargine kanye ngosuku, ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.
• Udokotela wakho uzobala isilinganiso sakho sokuqala nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zomthamo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho, imiphumela yokuqapha i-glucose yegazi, kanye nezinhloso zokwelashwa.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isilinganiso sokuqala esinconywayo singamayunithi angu-0.2 / kg kanye ngosuku.
• Uma ushintsha usuka kwi-insulin emaphakathi noma esisebenza isikhathi eside uye kwi-insulin glargine, udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi alungise inani nesikhathi semithamo yakho ye-insulin nezidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka yobudala engu-0-17)

Lesi sidakamizwa asisungulwanga siphephile futhi sisebenza kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18 abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

• Kufanele usebenzise i-insulin glargine ngokuqapha uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala, ngoba kungaba nzima kakhulu ukubona izimpawu zeshukela eliphansi egazini. Ungase futhi uzwele kakhulu emiphumeleni ye-insulin.
• Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo wokuqala ophansi futhi akhuphule isilinganiso sakho kancane kancane.

Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile komthamo

Kubantu abanesifo sesibindi: Isibindi sakho kungenzeka singakwazi ukwenza i-glucose futhi sidilize i-insulin glargine njengoba kufanele futhi. Udokotela wakho angakunika isilinganiso esincane salomuthi.

Kubantu abanesifo sezinso: Izinso zakho kungenzeka zingakwazi ukwephula i-insulin glargine njengoba kufanele futhi. Udokotela wakho angakunika isilinganiso esincane salomuthi.

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlu lubandakanya yonke imithamo engenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngemithamo ekufanele.

Tshela udokotela wakho uma uyagula, uphonsa, noma ushintshe imikhuba yakho yokudla noma yokuzivocavoca. Udokotela wakho angalungisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine noma akuhlolele izinkinga zesifo sikashukela.

Tshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale noma imuphi umuthi omusha noma imishanguzo yokuthenga, imikhiqizo yamakhambi noma izithako.

Izexwayiso ze-insulini glargine

Lesi sidakamizwa siza nezixwayiso eziningana.

Isexwayiso sikashukela egazini eliphansi

Ungaba noshukela ophansi noma ophansi wegazi (hypoglycemia) ngenkathi uthatha i-insulin glargine. Ushukela wegazi onamandla kakhulu ungaba yingozi. Kungalimaza inhliziyo yakho noma ubuchopho bakho, futhi kubangele ukuquleka, ukuquleka, noma ngisho nokufa.

Ushukela wegazi ophansi kungenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi uqhamuke ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ushukela wegazi kaningi njengoba udokotela esho kuwe. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• ukukhathazeka, ukucasuka, ukungahlaliseki, ukukhathazeka ukugxila, ukuzizwa udidekile noma ungazithandi
• ukudonsa ezandleni, ezinyaweni, ezindebeni, noma olimini
• isiyezi, ikhanda elikhanyayo, noma ukozela
• amaphupho amabi noma inkinga yokulala
• ikhanda
• ukungaboni kahle
• inkulumo engahambi kahle
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• ukujuluka
• eqhaqhazela
• ukuhamba ungazinzile

Isexwayiso se-Thiazolidinediones

Ukuphuza amaphilisi esifo sikashukela okuthiwa i-thiazolidinediones (TZDs) ane-insulin glargine kungadala ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Tshela udokotela wakho uma unezimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala noma izinyawo zakho, nokuzuza kwesisindo okungazelelwe. Udokotela wakho angalungisa isilinganiso sakho se-TZD uma unalezi zimpawu.

Isixwayiso sokutheleleka

Akufanele wabelane ngamabhodlela e-insulin, amasirinji, noma amapeni agcwalisiwe nabanye abantu. Ukwabelana noma ukusebenzisa kabusha izinaliti noma imijovo yomunye umuntu kubeka wena nabanye engozini yokutheleleka okuhlukahlukene.

Isexwayiso samazinga aphansi e-potassium

Yonke imikhiqizo ye-insulin inganciphisa inani le-potassium egazini. Amazinga egazi aphansi e-potassium angakhuphula ubungozi bokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Ukuvimbela lokhu, udokotela wakho uzohlola amazinga wegazi lakho le-potassium ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha lo muthi.

Isexwayiso somzimba

Kwesinye isikhathi ukusabela okweqile, okusongela impilo kungenzeka nge-insulin glargine. Izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile ku-insulin glargine zingafaka:

• ukuqubuka umzimba wonke
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ishayela ngokushesha
• ukujuluka
• umfutho wegazi ophansi

Uma uthuthukisa lezi zimpawu, shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze.

Ungaphindi uwusebenzise lo muthi uma ngabe uke waba nokungezwani komzimba nawo. Ukuyithatha futhi kungaba yingozi (kungadala ukufa).

Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kokudla

Uhlobo nenani lokudla okudlayo kungathinta ukuthi udinga i-insulin glargine engakanani. Tshela udokotela wakho uma ushintsha indlela odla ngayo. Kungadinga ukuthi balungise isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine.

Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kotshwala

Utshwala bungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukulawula ushukela wegazi ngenkathi uthatha i-insulin glargine. Nciphisa utshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Isexwayiso sokusetshenziswa

Ungabelani nge-insulin glargine nabanye noma ngabe banesimo esifanayo sezempilo. Kungabalimaza.

Izexwayiso zabantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo

Kubantu abanesifo sesibindi: Isibindi sakho kungenzeka singakwazi ukwenza i-glucose futhi sidilize i-insulin glargine njengoba kufanele futhi. Udokotela wakho angakunika isilinganiso esincane salomuthi.

Kubantu abanesifo sezinso: Izinso zakho kungenzeka zingakwazi ukwephula i-insulin glargine njengoba kufanele futhi. Udokotela wakho angakunika isilinganiso esincane salomuthi.

Kubantu abanoshukela ophansi wegazi (hypoglycemia): Udinga ukusebenzisa i-insulin glargine ngokuqapha uma uthola ushukela ophansi wegazi kaningi. Ihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside futhi kungathatha isikhathi eside ukwelapha ushukela wegazi ophansi. Ingozi yakho ingaba ngaphezulu uma uneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu noma uma ungadli ngesikhathi.

Okwabantu abane-edema: I-insulin glargine ingenza i-edema yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu. Lesi sidakamizwa singadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ugcine i-sodium. Lokhu kungabamba uketshezi emzimbeni wakho, okubuye kudale ukuvuvukala (i-edema) yezandla zakho, izinyawo, izingalo nemilenze.

Kubantu abanokwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Ukuphuza amaphilisi esifo sikashukela ngomlomo abizwa ngokuthi i-thiazolidinediones (TZDs) ane-insulin glargine kungabamba uketshezi ezicutshini zomzimba wakho futhi kubangele noma kubhebhethekise ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Izexwayiso kwamanye amaqembu

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe: Akwaziwa ukuthi i-insulin glargine iphephile yini ukusetshenziswa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Tshela udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Kufanele usebenzise i-insulin glargine kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma inzuzo engaba khona iqinisekisa ubungozi obungaba khona.

Kwabesifazane abancelisayo: Akwaziwa ukuthi i-insulin glargine idlula yini ubisi lwebele. Wena nodokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi ninqume ukuthi nizosebenzisa i-insulin glargine noma ukuncelisa ibele. Uma ukwenza kokubili, isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine singadinga ukulungiswa, futhi izinga lakho likashukela egazini lingabhekwa ngokucophelela.

Okwabadala: Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu bangazwela kakhulu ku-insulin glargine. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yokuphendula kashukela osezingeni eliphansi. Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo ophansi, futhi wandise umthamo wakho kancane.

Okwezingane: Khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ngokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin glargine ezinganeni. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Sebenzisa njengoba kuqondisiwe

Isixazululo somjovo we-insulin glargine sisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. Kuza nezingozi ezinkulu uma ungayisebenzisi njengoba kunqunyiwe.

Uma ungayisebenzisi nhlobo noma weqa noma uphuthelwe amanani: Ungaba noshukela ophakeme wegazi, okungaholela emiphumeleni emibi yezempilo.

Uma usebenzisa kakhulu: Uma usebenzisa i-insulin glargine eningi kakhulu, ungaba noshukela ophansi noma osongela ukuphila ophansi (i-hypoglycemia). Phatha umthombo osheshayo kashukela uma kwenzeka unezimpawu zoshukela ophansi wegazi ophansi. Landela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noshukela ophansi njengoba kuchazwe ngudokotela wakho. Izimpawu zeshukela eliphansi kakhulu legazi zingafaka:

• ukudlula emhlabeni
• isithuthwane
• izinkinga zemizwa

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe kakhulu lo muthi, shayela udokotela wakho noma funa ukuholwa yi-American Association of Poison Control Centers ku-1-800-222-1222 noma ngethuluzi labo eliku-inthanethi. Kepha uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.

Okufanele ukwenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo: Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa umthamo. Udokotela wakho kufanele axoxe nawe ngohlelo lwamanani angabanjwanga. Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, landela lelo cebo.

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza: Izinga likashukela egazini lakho kufanele libe phansi.

Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokusebenzisa i-insulin glargine

Gcina lokhu kubheka engqondweni uma udokotela wakho ekunika i-insulin glargine.

Jikelele

• I-insulin glargine ingasetshenziswa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla.
• I-insulin glargine ingasetshenziswa noma ngasiphi isikhathi emini, kepha kufanele isetshenziswe ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.

Isitoreji

Kubalulekile ukugcina kahle i-insulin glargine ukuze isebenze ngendlela efanele.

Isitsha esingavuliwe:

• Gcina izitsha ezintsha (ezingavulwa) ze-insulin glargine efrijini ezingeni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-36 ° F no-46 ° F (2 ° C no-8 ° C).
• Lesi sidakamizwa singagcinwa esiqandisini kuze kufike usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ebhokisini noma esitsheni.
• Ungawuqandi lo muthi.
• Gcina i-insulin glargine ngaphandle kokushisa nokukhanya okuqondile.
• Uma isitsha simisiwe, sishiywe ngaphandle emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, noma siphelelwe yisikhathi, silahle kude noma ngabe kukhona i-insulin esele kuso.

I-vial evulekile (iyasebenza):

• Lapho isitsha sesivuliwe, ungasigcina esiqandisini noma ekamelweni lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-86 ° F (30 ° C).
• Gcina lesi sidakamizwa kude nokushisa okuqondile nokukhanya.
• Isitsha esivuliwe kufanele siphonswe ezinsukwini ezingama-28 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kokuqala noma ngabe isenayo i-insulin kuyo.

Ukuvakasha

Lapho uhamba nemithi yakho:

• Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha imithi yakho. Lapho undiza, ungalokothi uwufake esikhwameni esihloliwe. Yigcine esikhwameni sakho sokuthwala.
• Ungakhathazeki ngemishini ye-X-ray yesikhumulo sezindiza. Abakwazi ukulimaza umuthi wakho.
• Ungadinga ukukhombisa abasebenzi bezindiza ilebula lekhemisi lemithi yakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha isitsha sokuqala esinelebula kadokotela.
• Izitsha ezingavulwa zalo muthi zidinga ukufakwa esiqandisini. Sebenzisa isikhwama esifakwe insimbi nesiphakethe esibandayo ukugcina izinga lokushisa lapho usohambweni. Izitsha ezivuliwe zingafakwa esiqandisini noma zigcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-86 ° F (30 ° C). Noma kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthi ubagcina kude nokushisa okuqondile nokukhanya. Landela imiyalo yokugcina eshiwo kumuthi.
• Ungafaki lo muthi egumbini legilavu ​​lemoto yakho noma uwushiye emotweni. Qinisekisa ukugwema ukwenza lokhu lapho isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu noma sibanda kakhulu.
• Izinaliti nemijovo kudingeka zisetshenziswe ukusebenzisa lo muthi. Bheka imithetho ekhethekile ngokuhamba nezidakamizwa, izinaliti nemijovo.

Ukuzilawula

Udokotela wakho, usokhemisi, umhlengikazi, noma uthisha wesifo sikashukela uzokukhombisa ukuthi:

• khipha i-insulin esitsheni
• namathisela izinaliti
• nika umjovo wakho we-insulin glargine
• lungisa isilinganiso sakho semisebenzi nokugula
• hlola ushukela wegazi lakho
• ibala bese welapha izimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi futhi ophakeme

Ngaphezu kwe-insulin glargine, uzodinga:

• izinaliti
• imijovo
• isitsha sokulahla inaliti esiphephile
• utshwala
• Ama-lancets okuhlaba umunwe wakho ukuhlola ushukela wegazi lakho
• imichilo yokuhlolwa ushukela egazini
• ukuqapha kweglucose yegazi

Ukuthatha imithi yakho:

• Jova i-insulin glargine ngasikhathi sinye usuku ngalunye.
• Yisebenzise njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho.
• Ungalokothi uyixube esirinji efanayo neminye imisipha ngaphambi kokujova.
• Njalo hlola ukubukeka kwe-insulin glargine ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa. Kufanele icace futhi ingenambala njengamanzi. Ungayisebenzisi uma liguqubele, lijiyile, linombala, noma linezinhlayiya kulo.
• Ungasebenzisi futhi noma wabelane ngezinaliti noma imijovo esetshenziselwa ukujova lo muthi. Ukwenza kanjalo kungasabalalisa izifo.

Ukulahla izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe:

• Ungalahli izinaliti ngazinye kudoti noma imigqomo yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, futhi ungalokothi uzishaye phansi endlini yangasese.
• Buza usokhemisi wakho isiqukathi esiphephile sokulahla izinaliti nemijovo esetshenzisiwe.
• Umphakathi wakho ungaba nohlelo lokulahla izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe nemijovo.
• Uma ulahla isitsha kudoti, kubhale ngokuthi “musa ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha.”

Ukuqapha komtholampilo

Udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-insulin glargine ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi kusaphephile ukuthi ungakusebenzisa. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• amazinga kashukela egazini
• amazinga e-hemoglobin glycosylated (A1C). Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala ukulawulwa kukashukela egazini lakho ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 ezedlule.
• ukuhlolwa kwesibindi
• ukuhlolwa kwezinso
• amazinga e-potassium egazi

Udokotela wakho angenza ezinye izivivinyo ukubheka izinkinga zesifo sikashukela:

• ukuhlolwa kwamehlo
• ukuhlolwa kwezinyawo
• ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo
• ukuhlolwa kokonakala kwezinzwa
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngamazinga we-cholesterol
• ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo

Udokotela wakho angadinga ukulungisa isilinganiso sakho se-insulin glargine ngokuya ngokulandelayo:

• amazinga kashukela egazini
• ukusebenza kwezinso
• ukusebenza kwesibindi
• eminye imithi oyiphuzayo
• imikhuba yakho yokuzivocavoca umzimba
• imikhuba yakho yokudla

Ukudla kwakho

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-insulin glargine:

• Ungeqi ukudla.
• Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele ugweme utshwala.
• Qaphela ukukhwehlela nemithi ebandayo ngaphezulu kwe-the-counter (OTC). Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-OTC iqukethe ushukela noma utshwala obungathinta ushukela wegazi lakho.

Izindleko ezifihliwe

Ngaphezu kwemithi, kuzodingeka uthenge:

• izinaliti
• imijovo
• isitsha sokulahla inaliti esiphephile
• utshwala
• Ama-lancets okuhlaba umunwe wakho ukuhlola ushukela wegazi lakho
• imichilo yokuhlolwa ushukela egazini
• ukuqapha kweglucose yegazi

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Kuneminye imithi etholakalayo yokwelapha isimo sakho. Ezinye zingakulungela kangcono kunabanye. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izinketho zezidakamizwa ezingakusebenzela.

Ukuzikhulula: I-Healthline yenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lonke ulwazi luyiqiniso, luphelele futhi lusesikhathini. Kodwa-ke, le ndatshana akufanele isetshenziswe njengokungena esikhundleni solwazi nobungoti bochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo onelayisense. Kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi. Imininingwane yezidakamizwa equkethwe lapha ingashintsha futhi ayihloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona, izinkomba, izixwayiso, izexwayiso, ukuxhumana kwezidakamizwa, ukungezwani komzimba, noma imiphumela emibi. Ukungabikho kwezixwayiso noma olunye ulwazi lomuthi othile awukhombisi ukuthi inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa noma yezidakamizwa iphephile, iyasebenza, noma ilungele zonke iziguli noma konke ukusetshenziswa okuthile.