Buyini Ubumpumputhe Bombala weProtan?

-Delile

• Kwenzenjani?
• Izinhlobo zobumpumputhe bombala we-protan
• Lokho umuntu one-protanopia angakubona
• Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukuphila ngobumpumputhe bombala we-protan
• Zijwayeze izindlela zokubamba ngekhanda
• Hlela bese ulebula ikhabethe lakho
• Thuthukisa ezinye izinzwa zakho
• Gxila ekukhanyeni okuhle
• Sebenzisa izinketho zokungeneka
• Okubalulekile

Amandla ethu okubona ngombala wemibala ancike ebukhoneni nasekusebenzeni kwezingulube ezizwa ngokukhanya ezikhoneni zamehlo ethu. Ubumpumputhe bombala, noma ukungaboni kahle kombala, kwenzeka lapho esisodwa noma eziningi zalezi zigaxa zingasebenzi.

Lapho izingulube ezizwa ibanga elide le-wavelength zilahlekile noma zingasebenzi kahle, kudala uhlobo lobumpumputhe bombala obubizwa ngokuthi yi-protan color blindness. Abantu abanobumpumputhe bombala we-protan banenkinga yokuhlukanisa umehluko phakathi kokubomvu nokuhlaza.

Kule ndatshana, sizoxoxa ngokuthi yini ubupumputhe bombala we-protan, nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo nezindlela zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo kulabo abanalolu hlobo lobumpumputhe bombala.

Kwenzenjani?

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini umbala wobumpumputhe be-protan, kuyasiza ukufunda ukuthi izigaxa zamehlo zikhiqiza kanjani ukubona kombala.

Ngaphakathi kwezigaxa zamehlo kunezinto ezithile, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-photopigments, ezwa ubude bokukhanya obuhlukile.

Izigaxa ze-wavelength ezimfushane (ama-S-cones) zibona izigaxa eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eziphakathi nendawo (M-Izigaxa) zibona okuluhlaza, nezigaxa zamaza amade (L-Izigaxa) zibona zibomvu.

Lapho ama-L-cones engekho noma engasebenzi, lokhu kubangela uhlobo lokushoda kombala oluhlaza okotshani obizwa ngokuthi yi-protan color blindness.

Ubumpumputhe bombala obomvu-oluhlaza kuthinta cishe amaphesenti ayi-8 wamadoda namaphesenti ama-0.5 wabesifazane emhlabeni jikelele, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu ukuba yimpumputhe yombala obomvu-oluhlaza. Umbala wobumpumputhe ngokwawo ubangelwa luhlobo oluxhumene no-X oluxhunywe ku-X, yingakho amadoda esengozini enkulu yokuthinteka kunabesifazane.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amadoda ane-X chromosome eyodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke adinga ushintsho olulodwa lofuzo ukuze isimo senzeke. Abesifazane, noma kunjalo, banama-chromosomes ama-X amabili, ngakho-ke bazodinga izinguquko ezimbili zofuzo ukuze babe nalesi simo.

Izinhlobo zobumpumputhe bombala we-protan

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zobumpumputhe bombala, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lungahluka ngokuthi luthinta kanzima kangakanani umbono wombala womuntu. Ubumpumputhe bombala we-Protan ngokuvamile budala amehlo abe nenkinga yokuhlukanisa phakathi kokubomvu nokuluhlaza.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zobumpumputhe bombala we-protan yi-protanomaly ne-protanopia.

• I-Protanomaly kwenzeka lapho ama-L-cones ekhona kodwa engasebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, amehlo abona okubomvu njengokuluhlaza.
• I-Protanopia kwenzeka lapho ama-L-cones elahlekile ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwama-L-cones, amehlo anenkinga yokuhlukanisa phakathi kokuluhlaza nokubomvu.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobumpumputhe bombala, ezibandakanya ukungaboni kahle kombala we-protan, zingahle zisuke kokumnene ziye kokubi.

Isibonelo, i-protanomaly inamandla kune-protanopia futhi ngokuvamile ayibangeli izinkinga eziningi empilweni yansuku zonke.

I-Protanopia, ekubeni uhlobo olunzima ngokwengeziwe lobumpofu bombala obomvu noluhlaza okotshani, idala umbono ohluke kakhulu wobomvu noluhlaza okotshani.

Lokho umuntu one-protanopia angakubona

Nasi isithombe esibukwa ngumuntu ngaphandle kobumpumputhe bombala:

I-Protanopia

Nakhu ukuthi isithombe esifanayo singavela kanjani kumuntu one-protanopia:

Umbono ojwayelekile

Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa

Ukuhlolwa kombala wombala, noma ukuhlolwa kombala we-Ishihara, kusebenzisa uchungechunge lwamapuleti ombala ukuhlola ukwanela kokubona kombala. Ipuleti ngalinye lombala liqukethe amachashazi amancane anemibala. Amanye ala machashazi anemibala ahlelwe aba yinombolo noma uphawu enkabeni yepuleti.

Uma unombono ophelele wombala, uzokwazi ukubona nokukhomba inombolo noma uphawu olukhona esithombeni.

Kodwa-ke, uma ungenawo umbono ogcwele wombala, ungahle ungakwazi ukubona inombolo noma uphawu emapuletini athile. Uhlobo lobumpumputhe bombala onalo lunquma ukuthi yini ongayibona nengakwazi ukuyibona emapuletini.

Ngenkathi odokotela abaningi bamehlo benganikela ngokuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala, kunezinkampani ezimbalwa zezinkampani ezinkulu ezihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kombala kwamahhala online.

I-EnChroma, engenye yezinkampani ezihamba phambili ekukhiqizeni ubuchwepheshe babantu abanebala elingaboni, ine-Colour Blind Test etholakala kuwebhusayithi yayo. Ukuhlolwa kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemibili ukwenza futhi kuzokwazisa uma ubumpumputhe bombala wakho bumnene, bumaphakathi, noma bukhulu.

Uma usola ukuthi unobumpumputhe bombala futhi uzizwa ukuthi ungazuza ekuhlolweni okusemthethweni, ungahlela futhi ukuhlolwa kombala nochwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo.

Ukwelashwa

Okwamanje alikho ikhambi lobumpumputhe bombala we-protan. Kodwa-ke, kunezinkampani ezikhiqiza imishini yabantu abanemibala eyimpumputhe ukusiza ukuthuthukisa izimpilo zabo zansuku zonke.

Isibonelo, izingilazi ze-EnChroma zithengisiwe njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuhlukaniswa kombala nokudlidliza imibala kubantu abanobumpumputhe bombala. Eyodwa kusuka ku-2018 ihlolwe ukuthi zisebenza ngempumelelo kangakanani lezi zinhlobo zezibuko ekuthuthukiseni umbono wombala kubahlanganyeli.

Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi izingilazi ze-EnChroma zishintshe ngandlela thile ukuqonda kwemibala ababambiqhaza ababeseyibona kakade. Kodwa-ke, izibuko azikwazanga ukuthuthukisa izivivinyo zokuxilonga noma ukubuyisa umbono ojwayelekile wombala.

Uma unentshisekelo yokusebenzisa izinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo zokungaboni kombala we-protan, ungavakashela udokotela wamehlo wakho ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Ukuphila ngobumpumputhe bombala we-protan

Iningi labantu elinobumpumputhe bombala we-protan lihola impilo ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nobumpumputhe bombala kungenza imisebenzi ethile yansuku zonke ibe nzima kakhulu, njengokushayela, ukupheka, nokusebenzisa izinto zikagesi.

Izindlela zokuphatha, njengokukhumbula ngekhanda, ukushintsha ukukhanyisa, kanye nezinhlelo zokulebula, zingasiza ekuzulazuleni impilo yansuku zonke uma unebala elingaboni.

Zijwayeze izindlela zokubamba ngekhanda

Ubumpumputhe bombala weProtan bunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu ekushayeleni. Okubomvu umbala osetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimpawu zomgwaqo nasemasiginali, kusuka kumalambu amisa izibonakaliso.

Ukubamba ngekhanda ukuhleleka nokubukeka kwezimpawu zomgwaqo nezimpawu kungakusiza ukuthi uqhubeke ukushayela ngokuphepha, noma ngabe ungumbala ongaboni.

Hlela bese ulebula ikhabethe lakho

Ukukhetha inhlanganisela ethile yengubo kungaba nzima ngobumpumputhe bombala we-protan, ikakhulukazi ama-hues abomvu naluhlaza. Kubantu abanobumpumputhe obunzima kakhulu, ukuba nomngane noma ilungu lomndeni bahlele futhi balebule izingubo kungaba usizo olukhulu.

Ngemuva kwalokho ungasebenzisa uhlelo nenhlangano yokulebula ukuze uhlukanise phakathi kwemibala ehlukene, engasiza lapho ukhetha izingubo.

Thuthukisa ezinye izinzwa zakho

Iphunga, ukunambitha, ukuthinta, nokuzwa yizinzwa ezine ezisisiza ukuthi sihambe ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke. Ngaphandle kwezinye izimo ezingaphansi, abantu abanobumpumputhe bombala we-protan basengazisebenzisa zonke lezi zinzwa kwimisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Isibonelo, noma ngaphandle kombono ogcwele wombala, iphunga nokunambitha kungasiza emisebenzini efana nokupheka ukudla nokukhetha umkhiqizo omusha.

Gxila ekukhanyeni okuhle

Umbono wombala uncishiswe ngokuphawulekayo lapho kungekho ukukhanya okufanele. Abantu abanobumpumputhe bombala we-protan bayazuza ekukhanyeni okuhle ngoba kungabasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala asebevele beyibona.

Ukufaka izibani zemvelo namalambu emini ekhaya ngisho nasemsebenzini kungaba usizo olukhulu kubantu abanobumpumputhe bombala.

Sebenzisa izinketho zokungeneka

Iningi le-elekthronikhi, njengamafoni, ama-TV, namakhompyutha, linikeza izinketho zokufinyeleleka kubantu abanobumpumputhe bombala. Lezi zinketho zingasiza ukulungisa imibala ethile esibukweni ukuze kube lula ukusebenzisa lawa madivayisi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza emakethe ezingasiza abantu abane-colorblindness ukukhomba imibala abangase bangakwazi ukuyibona.

Okubalulekile

Ubumpumputhe bombala we-Protan luhlobo lokushoda kokubona kombala okwenzeka lapho imibala yezinwele ezibomvu yamehlo ilahlekile noma ingasebenzi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zobumpumputhe bombala we-protan: i-protanomaly ne-protanopia.

I-Protanomaly yindlela emnene yokungaboni okubomvu okuluhlaza okotshani, kuyilapho i-protanopia ifomu elibi kakhulu. Zonke izinhlobo zobumpumputhe bombala, kufaka phakathi i-protanomaly ne-protanopia, zingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kombala.

Noma ngabe utholwe unempumputhe yombala we-protan, ushintsho oluncane enkambisweni yakho yansuku zonke lungakusiza uphile impilo ejwayelekile, egculisayo.