Yonke Imibuzo Esivikela Esilangeni Onayo, Uyayiphendula

-Delile

• 1. Kufanele nginake malini kwi-SPF?
• 2. Kusebenza kanjani ukuvikelwa kwe-UVA ne-UVB?
• 3. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuzivikela elangeni ngokomzimba nangokwamakhemikhali?
• Isikrini selanga somzimba (esingajwayelekile)
• Isikrini selanga esinamakhemikhali (organic)
• 4. Kufanele ngigcobe kaningi kangakanani isivikelo selanga?
• 5. Ngabe ngidinga ngempela ukugqoka uma ngizoba sendlini cishe usuku lonke?
• 6. Ingabe ukhona umehluko phakathi kwesikrini selanga sobuso nomzimba?
• 7. Ngabe izingane nezinsana kufanele zisebenzise ama-sunscreen ahlukile kunabantu abadala?
• 8. Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezithako eziyingozi esikrinini sami selanga?
• 9. Ngabe i-sunscreen yami ibulala izixhobo zamakhorali?
• 10. Ngingasikhetha kanjani isivikelo selanga esifanele sohlobo lwesikhumba sami?
• Ezinye izindlela zokufihla

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Iyiphi indlela evikela izinhlamvu kakhulu ukuvimbela ukulimala kwelanga esikhunjeni sakho? Ukuhlala ngaphandle kwelanga. Kepha ukugwema ilanga kuyindlela enyantisayo yokusebenzisa isikhathi sakho, ikakhulukazi lapho imisebe yelanga ngokwengxenye inesibopho sokuphakamisa imizwa yakho.

Ngakho-ke, yini into enhle kunazo zonke okufanele siyivikele ebusweni besikhumba sethu nezendlalelo eziningi ngaphansi? Isikrini selanga.

Sikhulume nochwepheshe senza ucwaningo ukusula ukudideka okuvamile kwe-sunscreen. Kusuka ezinombolweni ze-SPF kuya ezinhlotsheni zesikhumba, nayi yonke imibuzo obukade unayo mayelana nelanga, ephenduliwe.

1. Kufanele nginake malini kwi-SPF?

Udokotela wesikhumba eNew York uFayne Frey usikhumbuza ukuthi “asikho isivikelo selanga esisebenza ngamaphesenti ayikhulu ekuvimbeleni ukushiswa nokonakala kwesikhumba.” Uyaphawula nokuthi i-sunscreen “ingakhuphula isikhathi ongaba ngaphandle ngaso.”

Futhi inani lesikhathi esichithwe ngaphandle lihambelana ne-SPF.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisa ukuthi i-SPF 100, uma iqhathaniswa ne-SPF 50, yenza umehluko wangempela ekuvikeleni isikhumba sakho ekulimaleni nasekushisweni. Okungenani, uzofuna i-SPF 30.

UFrey wengeza nokuthi ama-SPF aphakeme avame ukuba nokunamathela, ngakho-ke abanye abantu abathandi kangako. Kepha lokho kuvikelwa okungeziwe kukufanele usuku lolwandle, noma ngabe awufuni ukuyikhetha nsuku zonke.

Ukuphinda usebenzise: "I-SPF 30 ubuncane engibutusayo, kepha ephakeme njalo ingcono," kusho uFrey. I-Thinkbaby SPF 30 Stick ($ 8.99) ihlanganisa izisekelo ngaphandle komuzwa onjenge-gluel. Futhi, induku yenzela ukusetshenziswa kabusha okulula ekuhambeni.

I-SPF, noma into evikela ilanga, ilinganisa ukuthi kudingeka amandla angakanani elanga ukudala ukushiswa yilanga lapho ugqoke okokuvikela ilanga uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhumba esingavikelekile. Isikrini selanga esine-SPF engama-30, lapho sisetshenziswa njengokuyalelwa, ekufinyeleleni esikhunjeni sakho. I-SPF 50 ivimba amaphesenti angama-98. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngenkathi ama-SPF aphezulu enikeza ukuvikeleka okuningi, awahlali isikhathi eside kunezinombolo eziphansi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuwasebenzisa kaningi.

2. Kusebenza kanjani ukuvikelwa kwe-UVA ne-UVB?

Ilanga likhipha izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebe yokukhanya, emibili yayo ngokuyinhloko enesibopho sokulimaza isikhumba sakho: i-ultraviolet A (UVA) ne-ultraviolet B (UVB). Imisebe ye-UVB mfushane futhi ayikwazi ukungena engilazini, kodwa iyona edala ukushiswa yilanga.

Imisebe ye-UVA, engangena engilazini, icashile kakhulu ngoba noma ungezwa ukuthi iyasha.

Ngaleso sizathu, uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikrini sakho selanga sithi “,” “UVA / UVB protection,” noma “multi-spectrum” kwilebula. Igama elithi "i-wide spectrum" yilo ozovamise ukulibona e-United States ngoba lilawulwa yi-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Mhlawumbe. Ama-sunscreen avela kwamanye amazwe anezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezithako ezivimbela ilanga. Lezi zikrini zelanga zibala i-PA factor, isilinganiso sokuvikelwa kwe-UVA esisukela ku "+" kuye ku "++++." Uhlelo lokulinganiswa kwe-PA lwakhiwe eJapan futhi seluqala ukubamba lapha e-United States.

UMonique Chheda, udokotela wesikhumba waseWashington, DC, uyanezela ukuthi “imvamisa izithako ezimbili ezihlinzeka nge-UVA i-avobenzone ne-zinc oxide, ngakho-ke nakanjani ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi i-sunscreen yakho inenye yalezi zinto.”

Ukuphinda usebenzise: Kokubili kanye nezimpawu zokuguga, ngakho-ke hlala ukhetha isibuko selanga esibanzi esine-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu. Isikrini selanga iMurad City Skin Age Defense SPF 50 ($ 65) sinesilinganiso se-PA ++++, okukhombisa ukuthi sinokuvikela okuhle kakhulu emisebeni ye-UVA.

3. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuzivikela elangeni ngokomzimba nangokwamakhemikhali?

Uzoyizwa imigomo ngokomzimba (noma amaminerali) kanye nezigcawu zelanga zamakhemikhali. Lawa magama abhekisela kuzithako ezisebenzayo ezisetshenzisiwe.

Njengoba i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide kungamakhemikhali ezobuchwepheshe, empeleni kunembe kakhudlwana ukubhekisa esikrinini esivikela umzimba njenge- "inorganic" namakhemikhali ngokuthi "organic." Kukhona nomehluko wamaphesenti amahlanu kuya kwayishumi kuphela endleleni lezi zithako ezisebenza ngayo, njengoba zombili izinhlobo zithatha imisebe ye-UV.

Isikrini selanga somzimba (esingajwayelekile)

Zimbili kuphela izithako zokuvikela ukuvikela elangeni ezivunyelwe yi-FDA: i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide. Kucatshangwe ukuthi izivikeli-langa ezingajwayelekile zakha umgoqo wokuzivikela ebusweni besikhumba sakho obonakalisa futhi usakaze imisebe ye-UV emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi izivikeli-langa ezingajwayelekile empeleni zivikela isikhumba ngokumunca imisebe engafinyelela kumaphesenti angama-95.

• ILa Roche-Posay Anthelios Ultra-Light Sunscreen Fluid Broad Spectrum SPF 50 Mineral ($ 33.50)
• I-CeraVe i-Sunscreen Face Lotion Broad Spectrum SPF 50 ($ 12.57)
• I-EltaMD UV Physical Broad-Spectrum SPF 41 ($ 30)

Amaqiniso ngobuhle! Ama-sunscreen asemzimbeni ngokuvamile ashiya isigaxa esimhlophe, ngaphandle kokuthi usebenzisa umkhiqizo onombala noma osebenzisa i-nanotechnology ukudiliza izinhlayiya. Futhi, ngenkathi ama-sunscreen angokomzimba abizwa ngokuthi "wemvelo," iningi alikho futhi lidinga ukucutshungulwa ngamakhemikhali okwenziwa ukuze i-sunscreen ishelele ngokushelela esikhunjeni sakho.

Isikrini selanga esinamakhemikhali (organic)

Zonke ezinye izinto ezisebenzayo ezingezona i-zinc noma i-titanium zibhekwa njengezithako zamakhemikhali elanga. Ama-sunscreen amakhemikhali amunca isikhumba sakho njenge-lotion esikhundleni sokwakha umgoqo ngaphezulu kwesikhumba. Lezi zithako ezisebenzayo "zidala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuguqula ukukhanya kwe-UV kube ukushisa ukuze kungalimazi isikhumba," kuchaza uChheda.

• INeutrogena Ultra Sheer Dry-Touch Sunblock Broad Spectrum SPF 30 ($ 10.99)
• I-Biore UV Aqua Rich Watery Essence SPF 50+ / PA ++++ ($ 16.99)
• INivea Sun Protect Water Gel SPF 35 ($ 10)

UChheda ukhuthaza iziguli zakhe ukuthi zisebenzise noma yiluphi uhlobo ezikhetha zona kepha uxwayisa ngokuthi uma ukhetha okokuvikela ilanga kuphela, udinga ukubheka okungenani okungenani amaphesenti ayi-10 we-zinc oxide ukuze uthole ukumbozwa okubanzi.

4. Kufanele ngigcobe kaningi kangakanani isivikelo selanga?

"Ngigqoka i-sunscreen izinsuku ezingama-365 ngonyaka," kusho uFrey. "Ngixubha amazinyo ekuseni ngafaka i-sunscreen yami."

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uchitha intambama elangeni noma cha, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-sunscreen eyanele ukuze empeleni isebenze - iningi lethu alisebenzisi. UFrey noChheda bobabili bathi umuntu ojwayelekile ogqoke isudi yokugeza udinga i-ounce ephelele (noma ingilazi ephelele) ukumboza zonke izindawo eziveziwe, kufaka phakathi ubuso bakho, njalo emahoreni amabili. Ukuze wenze ukufaka isicelo kube lula, zama i-sunscreen yesifutho njenge-Banana Boat Sun Comfort Spray SPF 50 ($ 7.52).

Uma usebhishi usuku nosuku nomndeni wakho - yisho amahora ayisithupha ukuphuma elangeni - umuntu ngamunye udinga okungenani ibhodlela lama-ounce amathathu konke kuye. Uma ungekho emanzini, phonsa ihembe nesigqoko bese uhlala emthunzini. Konke okuhlanganiswayo kwenza umehluko.

Abantu abanamathoni esikhumba amnyama noma labo abashuka kalula akufanele bashibilike.

“Ithoni yesikhumba sakho akufanele inqume ukuthi ugqoka malini i-sun. Wonke umuntu, noma ngabe unebala elinjani lesikhumba, kufanele afake isibalo esanele selanga ukuze aqinisekise ukuvikelwa okugcwele, ”kweluleka uChheda. Izinga lokusinda komdlavuza wesikhumba liphansi kubantu abangekho mhlophe, okungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi amathoni esikhumba amnyama awadingi isivikelo selanga.

5. Ngabe ngidinga ngempela ukugqoka uma ngizoba sendlini cishe usuku lonke?

Noma ungachithi ntambama echibini, usaqinisekisiwe ukuthi uzohlangana nemisebe ye-UV ngefasitela noma ngokulunguza ngaphandle. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-sunscreen nsuku zonke kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba futhi (kuchazwa imibimbi, i-hyperpigmentation, namabala amnyama).

Izikhumbuzi zokusebenzisa kabusha: Faka njalo isikrini selanga. Hlela njalo emahoreni amabili uma ungaphandle. Lokho okugqokile ekuqaleni kungahamba noma kugudluke usuku lonke. Kuthatha nemizuzu engama-20 ukuthi i-sunscreen isebenze. Uma i-sunscreen yakho ine-zinc oxide ekhuluphele, ungaphuma nge-sunscreen encane, kodwa uma ungaqiniseki, ungayifaki engozini!

6. Ingabe ukhona umehluko phakathi kwesikrini selanga sobuso nomzimba?

Ngokuya ngokuvikelwa kwelanga, ngokusho kukaFrey, okuwukuphela komehluko phakathi kwesikrini somzimba nobuso ibhodlela losayizi elithengiswa kulo. Awudingi ukuthenga ibhodlela elihlukile lesikrini selanga ebusweni bakho uma ungafuni . Kunemikhiqizo ethile yama-combo efakwe ilebula yobuso nomzimba njengeLa Roche-Posay Anthelios SPF 60 ($ 35.99).

Lokho kusho ukuthi ubuso bakho buvame ukuzwela kakhulu kunawo wonke umzimba wakho, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi bakhetha i-sunscreen engasindi, engeyona eyakhelwe ubuso ngqo, ikakhulukazi ukugqoka kwansuku zonke. Lawa mancane amathuba okuthi avale ama-pores, abangele ukuqhuma, noma acasule isikhumba. INeutrogena Sheer Zinc Dry Touch SPF 50 ($ 6.39) ilingana kahle nalezi zindlela.

Kufanele futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa izifisi zelanga ezifuthayo ebusweni bakho, ngoba akuphephile ukuzidonsa. Uma usempintsheni, fafaza i-sunscreen esandleni sakho kuqala bese uyihlikihla kuyo.

Namathela ama-sunscreen, afana ne-Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Stick Face ne-Body SPF 70 ($ 8.16), enza enye indlela ohamba ngayo futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa esikhunjeni esibucayi esiseduze kwamehlo akho.

7. Ngabe izingane nezinsana kufanele zisebenzise ama-sunscreen ahlukile kunabantu abadala?

Ezinganeni nasezinganeni, kanye nalabo abanesikhumba esibucayi, odokotela besikhumba bancoma izivikeli zelanga ngokomzimba ngoba mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi zibangele ukuqubuka noma okunye ukungezwani komzimba. Kwabancane, i-sunscreen ye-hypoallergenic eyenziwe nge-zinc oxide efana ne-Thinkbaby SPF 50 ($ 7.97) iyisinqumo esihle.

Njengoba kungabanzima ezinganeni esezikhulile ukuthi zihlale zinganyakazi ukuze zifake izicelo zokuzivikela elangeni, fafaza ama-sunscreen, afana ne-Supergoop Antioxidant-Infused Sunscreen Mist SPF 30 ($ 19), angenza inqubo ingabi yinto yokujaha.Qiniseka ukuthi ubamba umbhobho eduze bese ufafaza kuze kukhanye isikhumba ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi usebenzisa okwanele.

8. Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezithako eziyingozi esikrinini sami selanga?

Bonke odokotela besikhumba esikhulume nabo bagcizelela ukuthi izithako ezisebenzayo eziku-sunscreen zivivinywa ngamandla ukuphepha yi-FDA. Lokho kusho ukuthi, bayavuma ukuthi izifunxi zamakhemikhali zinamathuba amaningi okudala ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ngakho-ke uma unesimo sesikhumba esifana ne-eczema noma i-rosacea, noma uma ujwayele ukungezwani nezinto ezithile, namathela ngama-sunscreen asebenzisa i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide.

Amakha nawo ayabacasula abantu abaningi, ngakho-ke isivikelo selanga somzimba naso esingeyona iphunga ne-hypoallergenic silungile.

Uma unemibuzo ngokuphepha kwe-sunscreen, uDustin J. Mullens, udokotela wesikhumba eScottsdale, e-Arizona, uncoma ukuthi uhlole umhlahlandlela wesikrini selanga le-Environmental Working Group, esinikeza izilinganiso zokuphepha kumakhulu ezikrini zokuvikela ilanga ezisuselwa kwimininingwane yesayensi nezincwadi.

9. Ngabe i-sunscreen yami ibulala izixhobo zamakhorali?

NgoMeyi 2018, iHawaii yavimbela izithako zamakhemikhali ezivikela elangeni i-oxybenzone ne-octinoxate, ososayensi abakholelwa ukuthi banegalelo ekuhlanzekeni kwamakhorali.

Kodwa umthetho omusha waseHawaii awusebenzi kuze kube ngu-2021, ngakho-ke okwamanje izithako ezihlosiwe zisazungeza emashalofini ezitolo.

Sekukonke, akuwona umqondo omubi ukuthi usebenze futhi ukhethe ama-sunscreen aphephile angafaki i-oxybenzone noma i-octinoxate, efana neBlue Lizard Sensitive SPF 30 ($ 26.99) ethola ukuvikelwa kwayo kwe-UV ku-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide.

Akuwona wonke ama-sunscreen amaminerali acace ngokuphelele. Ama-sunscreen amaningi amaminerali aqukethe izinhlayiya ezincane ezilingana ne-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide ezibizwa ngama-nanoparticles. Ucwaningo lwamuva, olusesezigabeni zokuqala, lukhombisa ukuthi la ma-nanoparticles nawo angaba yingozi ezixhotsheni zamakhorali.

Uma ufuna ukwenza iphutha ohlangothini lokuqapha, hamba nesikrini selanga esifaka i-non-nano zinc oxide ohlwini lwezithako, njengeRaw Elements Face + Body SPF 30 ($ 13.99).

I-Oxybenzone iyisithako esisodwa selanga samakhemikhali esivikela ilanga esixhunyaniswe nokuphazamiseka kwamahomoni. Kodwa-ke, iphepha le-2017 liphawula ukuthi kuzofanele usebenzise lesi sithako ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka engama-277 ukuze siphazamise ama-hormone akho. Ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa nokuthi ama-nanoparticles aphephile kubantu futhi awangeni ngokujulile esikhunjeni sakho (kuphela kungqimba olungaphandle olufile).

10. Ngingasikhetha kanjani isivikelo selanga esifanele sohlobo lwesikhumba sami?

Ukusuka e-Amazon kuye e-Ulta, unamakhulu ongakhetha kuwo ngokoqobo. Ungaqala ngezinto eziyisisekelo: Khetha i-spectrum ebanzi ne-SPF okungenani engama-30. Ukusuka lapho, cabanga ngezinto ezibalulekile kuwe njengokuthi unesimo sesikhumba noma ukuthi ukhetha ukufaka induku kunokhilimu.

Ezinye izindlela zokufihla

Ekupheleni kosuku, "i-sunscreen ehamba phambili iyona ozoyisebenzisa," kusho uFrey. Futhi uma ufuna ngempela ukufihla, gqoka isigqoko, utshale imali ezembathweni ezivikela ilanga, futhi uhlale emthunzini noma endlini - ikakhulukazi elangeni elikhanyayo lantambama phakathi kwemini no-4 ntambama.

URebecca Straus ungumbhali, umhleli, nochwepheshe bezitshalo. Umsebenzi wakhe uvele kwiRodale’s Organic Life, Sunset, Apartment Therapy, naseGood Housekeeping.